鼻咽血管瘤的诊断和治疗进展  

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal hemangioma

作　　者：孙越甲 宋维杰[1] 朱晓月 岳鑫 SUN Yue-jia;SONG Wei-jie;ZHU Xiao-yue;YUE Xin(Department of Otolaryngology,Tianjin Occupational Diseases Precaution and Therapeutic Hospital,Tianjin 300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市职业病防治院耳鼻喉科,天津300011

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2022年第5期53-56,共4页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：鼻咽血管瘤是发生在鼻咽部常见的良性肿瘤之一,其主要以弹性纤维、致密血管及上皮组织构成,病因较不明确,目前认为与激素、内分泌紊乱及理化因素有关,一般多发于青少年。由于鼻咽血管瘤组织结构特点,一旦破裂出血便较凶猛,往往会引起致命性的大出血。在鼻内镜与微创手术出现之前,其治疗困难且死亡率较高。目前对于明确诊断后的鼻咽血管瘤,可经过手术等治疗方式进行干预,治愈率较高。本文通过分析近3年文献资料,归纳了鼻咽血管瘤的病因、发病机制和临床表现,进而讨论CT以及MRI等检查手段在鼻咽血管瘤诊断中的应用,以及手术、放射疗法、药物治疗和冷冻治疗等在鼻咽血管瘤治疗中的进展,希望为鼻咽血管瘤的诊断和治疗工作的有序顺利开展提供一定参考,以提高鼻咽血管瘤的治疗效果,促进患者早日康复。Nasopharyngeal hemangioma is one of the common benign tumors in the nasopharynx. It is mainly composed of elastic fibers,dense blood vessels and epithelial tissue. The etiology is not clear. At present,it is considered to be related to hormones,endocrine disorders and physical and chemical factors.It usually occurs in adolescents. Due to the structural characteristics of nasopharyngeal hemangioma,once it is ruptured,the bleeding is fierce and often leads to fatal bleeding. Before the emergence of nasal endoscopy and minimally invasive surgery,its treatment is difficult and the mortality is high. At present,the nasopharyngeal hemangioma after definite diagnosis can be intervened by surgical treatment,and the cure rate is high. By analyzing the literature in recent three years,this paper summarizes the etiology,pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of nasopharyngeal hemangioma, and then discusses the application of CT and MRI examination methods in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal hemangioma,as well as the progress of surgery,radiotherapy,drug therapy and cryotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal hemangioma,hoping to provide certain reference for the orderly and smooth development of the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal hemangioma,in order to improve the therapeutic effect of nasopharyngeal hemangioma and promote the early recovery of patients.

关 键 词：鼻咽血管瘤 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R76[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]