环境人权“入典”的设想  

The Idea of“Codification”of Human Rights to Environment

作　　者：吕忠梅[1,2] 张宝[3] Lv Zhongmei;Zhang Bao

机构地区：[1]中国法学会 [2]中国法学会环境资源法学研究会 [3]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《人权》2022年第2期75-91,共17页Human Rights

摘　　要：中国开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的新征程,提升环境保护方面的人权保障水平成为满足人民群众日益增长的权利需求的重要任务。环境权的人权属性在国际社会已达成共识,我国也在《国家人权行动计划(2021-2025年)》中予以认可。从国际层面看,早期的环境人权主张催生了现代环境法,可持续发展全球共识促进了环境人权的新发展。在中国,建设“美丽中国”已成为《宪法》确认的国家目标,在环境法典中确认环境权,能够更进一步明确法典价值体系的内涵,并有助于厘清法典的制度构造和归责逻辑。环境权“入典”的具体方案,是立足于环境权的主观权利和客观价值面向,从本体性规定、保障性规定和救济性规定三个层面进行制度构建。As China has embarked on a new journey to comprehensively build a modern socialist country and march towards the second Centenary Goal,improving the protection of human rights in environmental protection has become a key task to meet people’s growing demand for rights.The international community has reached a consensus on the human rights attribute of environmental rights,and China has also recognized it in the National Human Rights Action Plan of China(2021-2025).The early claims for environmental human rights gave birth to modern environmental law at the international level.The global consensus on sustainable development promoted the new development of environmental human rights.In China,the construction of a“beautiful China”has become the national goal confirmed by the Constitution.The confirmation of environmental rights in the environmental code can further clarify the connotation of the value system of the code and help clarify the institutional structure and attribution logic of the code.Based on the subjective right and objective value of the environmental right,the specific scheme of the“codification”of human rights on the environment is to construct the system from three levels of ontological provision,guarantee provision and relief provision.

关 键 词：环境人权 中国环境法典编纂 人权的国家保护义务 环境权制度构建 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.68[政治法律—法学]