湖南省2010-2019年学龄儿童贫血现况及影响因素  

Anemia status and influencing factors of school age children in Hunan Province from 2010 to 2019

作　　者：周琼华[1] 郭铭伟[1] 孟文华[1] Zhou Qiong-Hua;Guo Ming-Wei;Meng Wen-hua(Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410006,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,长沙410006

出　　处：《湖南师范大学学报（医学版）》2022年第2期249-252,共4页Journal of Hunan Normal University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的:了解湖南省学龄儿童的贫血患病情况,为防治学龄儿童贫血提供科学依据.方法:分别在2010年、2014年及2019年体质、健康状况监测工作中,对我省3个市及1个自治州的29所中、小学7~12岁在校学生的血红蛋白进行了横断面研究,并对相关数据进行统计学分析.结果:三个年度学龄儿童贫血患病率间存在显著差异,贫血人数逐年减少;2010年及2019年度农村贫血患病率均高于城市,而2014年城市儿童患病率高于农村,存在统计学差异;三个年度贫血患病比率女童均大于男童,但除了2014年明显增高外,2010及2019年无统计学差异;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,贫血可致学龄期儿童肺活量减少.结论:我省近年来学龄儿童贫血情况逐渐得到改善;贫血患儿性别结构及城乡分布在不同年度存在统计学上的偏差,但农村儿童、女性儿童仍是我们防治贫血的重点;贫血导致儿童肺活量减少,可能是使其更易罹患呼吸系统疾病的原因之一.Objective To understand the prevalence of anemia in school-age children in Hunan Province and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of anemia.Methods In 2010,2014 and 2019,the hemoglobin of students aged 7-12 in 29 primary and secondary schools in three cities and one autonomous prefecture of our province were sampled and analyzed statistically.Results There were significant differences in the prevalence of anemia among school-age children in the three years,the number of anemia decreased year by year,with statistical significance.The prevalence of anemia in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas in 2010 and 2019,with statistical significance.While the prevalence of anemia in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas in 2014,with statistical difference.The prevalence rate of anemia in girls was higher than that in boys in the three years,but except 2014,there was no significant difference in 2010 and 2019.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that anemia could reduce the vital capacity of school-age children.Conclusion In recent years,the anemia situation of school-age children in our province has been gradually improved.There are statistical deviations in the gender structure and urban-rural distribution of anemia children in different years,but rural children and female children are still the focus of our prevention and treatment of anemia.Anemia may be one of the reasons that make children more susceptible to respiratory diseases.

关 键 词：学龄期儿童 血红蛋白 贫血 

分 类 号：R725.5[医药卫生—儿科]