Pb胁迫下施肥对萝卜生长和Pb含量的影响  

Effects of Fertilization on Growth and Pb Content of Radish Under Pb Stress

作　　者：王鸿钰 俞炳琨 李阳 李忠婷 王文全[1] WANG Hongyu;YU Bingkun;LI Yang;LI Zhongting;WANG Wenquan(College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第10期24-32,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21866030);新疆维吾尔自治区土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室资助项目。

摘　　要：以萝卜为试材,采用室内盆栽,结合施用肥料“3414”的方法,研究了不同浓度氮肥(N)、磷肥(P_(2)O_(5))及Pb胁迫对萝卜生长和不同部位吸收Pb的影响,以期为重金属污染的土壤安全种植萝卜提供参考依据。结果表明:在中水平Pb(100mg·kg^(-1))胁迫下,施用氮、磷肥均可促进萝卜叶长、茎粗、地上部和根系鲜质量的增加;氮肥的施用对萝卜根系吸收Pb作用不显著,施加磷肥会抑制萝卜根系对Pb的吸收,尤其中(150mg·kg^(-1))、高(225mg·kg^(-1))水平抑制效果最为显著且二者之间无显著差异;基于作物产量与质量安全生产之间的关系,萝卜种植氮肥(N)、磷肥(P_(2)O_(5))最佳施用量分别为287.29、154.49mg·kg^(-1)。在中水平氮(300mg·kg^(-1))、磷(150mg·kg^(-1))肥施用量的基础上,高(350mg·kg^(-1))水平Pb处理促进了萝卜地上部生长,对根系生长起到了抑制作用;随着Pb浓度的增加,萝卜根系对Pb的吸收逐渐增加且差异显著(P<0.05),而对地上部Pb的吸收无显著影响。所有施肥处理中,萝卜地上部Pb含量均高于根系Pb含量,二者对Pb的吸收趋势整体上持有一定的相似性。Taking radish as the test material,indoor potting and fertilizer‘3414’test method were adopted.The effects of different concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus fertilizer and Pb stress on the growth and Pb absorption of radish were studied,in order to provide reference for the safe planting of radish in heavy metal polluted soil.The results showed that the application of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer could increase the leaf length,root length,stem diameter,aboveground part and root fresh weight of radish under medium level Pb(100mg·kg^(-1))stress.The application of nitrogen fertilizer had no significant effect on the absorption of Pb by radish roots,but the application of phosphate fertilizer could inhibit the absorption of Pb by radish roots,especially at medium(150mg·kg^(-1))and high(225 mg·kg^(-1))levels,and there was no significant difference between them.Based on the relationship between crop yield and quality and safety production,the optimal application rates of nitrogen fertilizer(N)and phosphate fertilizer(P_(2)O_(5))in radish planting were 287.29mg·kg^(-1) and 154.49mg·kg^(-1),respectively.On the basis of mediumlevel nitrogen(300mg·kg^(-1))and phosphate(150mg·kg^(-1))fertilizer application rates,the high-level Pb(350mg·kg^(-1))treatment promoted the growth of the aboveground part of radish and inhibited the growth of the root system.With the increase of Pb concentration,the absorption of Pb by radish roots gradually increased and the difference was significant(P<0.05),while there was no significant effect on the absorption of Pb in aboveground parts.In all fertilization treatments,the Pb content in the aboveground part of radish was higher than that in the root system,and the absorption trend of Pb was generally similar between them.

关 键 词：氮肥 磷肥 PB胁迫 萝卜 

分 类 号：S631.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]