不同栽培模式下冬枣果实品质主成分分析与评价  

Principal Component Analysis and Evaluation of Fruit Quality of Dongzao Jujube Under Different Cultivation Modes

作　　者：陈红玉 马光跃 侯艳霞[2] 杨俊强[1] 申仲妹 李玉莲 CHEN Hongyu;MA Guangyue;HOU Yanxia;YANG Junqiang;SHEN Zhongmei;LI Yulian(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030800;Shanxi Forestry Vocational and Technical College,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030009)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030800 [2]山西林业职业技术学院,山西太原030009

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第10期41-48,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：2020山西省林业重点研发计划专项资助项目(2020LYZY01);山西农业大学“十四五”育种工程资助项目(YZGC110)。

摘　　要：在地坑棚、防雨棚、露地园的冬枣果实脆熟期各选8个园子,共计采集24个果实样品为试验材料,分别测定各样品的单果质量、果形指数、果肉硬度、可食率、果肉质地、果肉汁液、果实风味、维生素C、可滴定酸、固酸比、可溶性固形物共11个品质性状指标,应用DPS数据处理软件对24个冬枣果实品质进行主成分分析,研究不同栽培模式对冬枣果实品质的影响,以期为优化设施功能、提高管理水平、保持冬枣固有优良品质提供参考依据。结果表明:主成分分析提取的4个主成分提供了冬枣果实品质81.33%的信息,能够较全面反映其品质属性;地坑棚果实品质综合得分的总分值最高,为19.3426,其次为露地园,为2.9092,再次为防雨棚,为-22.252;将24个样品综合得分区间划分为3个等级,地坑棚样品在一等、二等、三等3个区间的分布频率分别为87.5%、12.5%、0%,防雨棚样品为0%、12.5%、87.5%,露地园样品为37.5%、12.5%、50.0%,由此可以推断地坑棚冬枣果实品质最佳,其次为露地园,再次为防雨棚。防雨棚果实品质之所以下降明显,初步分析为果实发育期正值高温期,由于设施通风降温功能不佳,导致叶片光合效率下降,有机物积累不足而使得品质下降,因此有必要对现有防雨棚设施进行改进升级。During the crisp ripening period of Dongzao jujube fruits in solar greenhouse,rain shelter and open field garden,8gardens were selected respectively,and a total of 24fruit samples were collected as test materials.The single fruit weight,fruit shape index,pulp hardness,edible rate,pulp texture,pulp juice,fruit flavor,vitamin C,titratable acid,ratio of titratable acid to soluble solids and soluble solids of each sample were tested,using DPS data processing software,the principal component analysis was carried out on the fruit quality of 24Dongzao jujube,and the effects of different cultivation modes on fruit quality of Dongzao jujube were studied,in order to provide reference for optimizing facility function,improving management level and maintaining the inherent good quality of Dongzao jujube.The results showed that the four principal components extracted by principal component analysis provided 81.33%information of fruit quality of Dongzao jujube,which could comprehensively reflect its quality attributes;The total score of fruit quality in solar greenhouse was the highest,which was 19.3426,followed by open garden,which was 2.9092,and rain shelter,which was-22.252.The comprehensive score intervals of 24samples were divided into three grade intervals.The distribution frequencies of solar greenhouse samples in the first,second and third grades were 87.5%,12.5%and 0%respectively,that of rain shelter samples were 0%,12.5%and 87.5%,and that of open garden samples were 37.5%,12.5%and 50.0%.Therefore,it could be inferred that solar greenhouse Dongzao jujube fruit quality was the best,followed by open garden and rain shelter again.The reason for the obvious decline of fruit quality in the rain shelter was that the fruit development period was in the high temperature period of the weather.Due to the poor ventilation and cooling function of the facilities,the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves was reduced,and the fruit quality was reduced due to the insufficient accumulation of organic matter.Therefore,it was necessary to

关 键 词：设施栽培 主成分分析 品质 冬枣 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]