国内外集约生猪养殖粪污处理技术对比研究及启示  

Comparative Study of Piggery Manure Treatment Technologies at Home and Abroad

作　　者：钟兴 蒋隆 杨海红[2] 钟振兴 ZHONG Xing;JIANG Long;YANG Hai-hong;ZHONG Zhen-xing(Wuhan Water Science Research Institute,Wuhan Hubei 430014,China;School of Civil Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China;Engineering Research Center for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing,Ministry of Education,Environmental Engineering College,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan Hubei 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市水务科学研究院,湖北武汉430014 [2]武汉大学土木建筑工程学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]武汉纺织大学环境工程学院,纺织印染清洁生产教育部工程探究中心,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《武汉纺织大学学报》2022年第3期81-86,共6页Journal of Wuhan Textile University

摘　　要：通过对欧美四国及我国典型养殖省市的畜禽粪污处理技术特点、演变及相关环境问题对比研究发现,法国和德国由于猪场粪污长期还田引发严重的地下水污染问题,逐步转向还田利用、厌氧产沼气及生物工艺相结合的联合处置模式,美国和加拿大主要采用广阔的种植耕地消纳猪场粪污,并辅以污染物跟踪监测等措施维护环境质量。基于我国嘉兴市因养猪粪污过度利用而引发严重的地表水污染问题,并借鉴国外畜禽管控模式,本研究提出了源头饲料优化、中间联合处置、末端污染计算与监测的全链路粪污管控理念,将为我国畜禽养殖业发展与高质量环境保护提供重要指导。A comparative study of the characteristics, evolution and environmental problems associated with livestock pig-waste treatment technologies in four countries in Europe, North America, and an intensive farming areas in China, was performed. The results showed that a combined process of returning cropland, anaerobic biogas production, and biological process was applied to treat pig waste by France and Germany due to serious groundwater pollution. In USA and Canada, extensive arable land was mainly used for the disposal of piggery waste and wastewater, and the load assessments of nitrogen and phosphorus and long-term monitoring were also carried out to maintain environmental quality. Based on the surface water pollution in Jiaxing city and foreign livestock control solutions, the following measures,such as optimizing feed components, combining returning farmland with biological treatment technologies for pollutants removal, and regularly monitoring loads of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil and water body in intensive farming areas, were proposed in this study. This study has great significance and practical values to livestock farming industry and efficient environmental quality protection in China.

关 键 词：畜禽养殖 粪污处理 对比研究 氮磷污染 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]