再谈戏剧文学的“民族性”及“现代性”建构——第一届全国话剧观摩演出会的几点启示  

On the Construction of Ethnicity and Modernity in Chinese Dramatic Literature:Inspirations from the 1st National Theater Festival in 1956

作　　者：杜明哲 DU Mingzhe(School of Liberal Arts,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,南京210023

出　　处：《文化艺术研究》2022年第3期97-104,116,共9页Studies in Culture and Art

摘　　要：从戏剧文学性层面重审中国话剧的“民族性”与“现代性”,对于揭示隐含于近现代以来中国戏剧发展的痼疾,即剧本文体范式的固化与艺术创作理念的僵化,在当下有着尤为重要的意义。1956年开展的第一届全国话剧观摩演出大会,对当时国内的剧目成果进行了一次大规模初步“清算”,通过重新审视会演成果及历史影响,能够发现:会演通过延承民族戏剧的既有宝贵传统,使剧本的地位得到了显著提升,然而这一过程却伴随着戏剧文学的概念窄化——它将西方的典范戏剧(drama)视作承载“民族性”的必要载具,从而使本应多元的戏剧创作理念日趋固化,成为长期遏制中国戏剧通往“现代性”的原因之一。Reexamining the ethnicity and modernity of Chinese drama from the perspective of dramatic literature is significant for revealing the chronic disease, in other words, the rigidness in the script style and artistic philosophy, in the development of Chinese drama since the early modern times. The First National Theater Festival in 1956 was a comprehensive review of the Chinese plays of the time. Looking back at the 1956 festival, we discover that it inherited the valuable tradition of Chinese theater and elevated the statues of the script, yet narrowed the concept of dramatic literature: it saw Western drama as the necessary vehicle for the Chinese ethnicity, thus narrowed the various creation concepts of theater down to Western standards, and therefore hindered Chinese theater to approach modernity.

关 键 词：第一届全国话剧观摩演出会 戏剧文学 民族性 现代性 

分 类 号：J824[艺术—戏剧戏曲]