五源河水生植物多样性与水环境因子关系研究  

Relationship Between Aquatic Plant Diversity and Water Environmental Factors in Wuyuan River

作　　者：薛雁文 雷湘龄 薛杨 王小燕 XUE Yanwen;LEI Xiangling;XUE Yang;WANG Xiaoyan(Hainan Academy of Forestry,Haikou Hainan 571199)

机构地区：[1]海南省林业科学研究院,海南海口571199

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2022年第12期103-107,112,共6页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：海南文昌森林生态系统定位观测研究站运行补助项目(0146085)。

摘　　要：水生植物与水环境因子相互作用,水环境因子的变化也会对水生植物的生物多样性带来影响。本研究使用RDA法分析水生植物的均匀度指数、丰富度指数和生物多样性指数与水环境因子的关系。结果表明:五源河上、中、下游之间的COD以及氨氮含量差异显著,主要水质污染物为COD、氨氮和总氮;研究区内有22科41属共45种水生植物,其中田字苹、薇甘菊、草龙、铺地黍、粟米草、象草和野芋为区域内的优势种;从生物多样性指标分析,上游S3植物种类最多,以S6群落复杂程度最高,S9植物群落分布最均匀;RDA排序分析显示,五源河区域内pH值、总氮是影响水生植物多样性的主要因子,而叶绿素a和盐度的影响程度最小。Aquatic plants interact with water environmental factors,and the changes of water environmental factors also affect the biodiversity of aquatic plants.In this study,the RDA method was used to analyze the relationship between the Pielou index,Margalef index,Shannon-Wiener index of aquatic plants and water environmental factors.The results showed that there were significant differences in COD and ammonia nitrogen contents among the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Wuyuan River.The main water quality pollutants were COD,ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen.There were 45 species of aquatic plants belonged to 41 genera,22 families in the study area.Among them,Marsilea quadrifolia,Mikania micrantha,Ludwigia hyssopifolia,Panicum repens,Mollugo stricta,Pennisetum purpureum and Colocasia antiquorum were the dominant species in the area.The analysis of biodiversity indexes represented that the plant species were the most in plot S3,the community complexity degree was the highest in plot S6,and plot S9 had the most even distribution of plant communities.The RDA ranking analysis showed that p H value and total nitrogen were the main influencing factors of aquatic plant diversity in Wuyuan River area,while chlorophyll a and salinity had the least influence.

关 键 词：水生植物多样性 水环境因子 均匀度指数 丰富度指数 生物多样性指数 五源河 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]