铝/铜异种金属熔钎焊工艺及界面调控方式的研究现状  

Research status on fusion brazing process and interface control mode of Al/Cu dissimilar metal

作　　者：李岩[1] 樊丁[1,2] 黄健康 于晓全[1] Li Yan;Fan Ding;Huang Jiankang;Yu Xiaoquan(Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Stale Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学,兰州730050 [2]省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050

出　　处：《焊接》2022年第4期1-8,共8页Welding & Joining

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52165045)。

摘　　要：铝/铜复合结构件具有质量轻、综合性能优异等优势使其在电气电工、航空航天、新能源汽车等行业具有广泛的应用前景。但由于铝/铜在物理化学性能上的差异,使其在焊接过程中存在界面调控等诸多问题。为解决这些问题,国内外研究者通过工艺调控和冶金调控来抑制金属间化合物的生长,促进Al/Cu之间的冶金结合。文中从铝/铜熔钎焊方法进行了综述介绍,重点总结了焊接接头界面调控的方法,提出了该领域的研究热点及难点,并且探究了未来铝/铜焊接的发展趋势及应用前景。结果表明,从焊接效率、焊接强度来看当属熔钎焊最佳,但是其接头处的金属间化合物影响了其机械性能,通过添加微量元素的冶金调控,可以使其力学性能大幅提升。Aluminum/copper composite structural parts have the advantages of light weight and excellent comprehensive performance,which make them have a wide range of application prospects in electrical and electrical,aerospace,new energy vehicles and other industries.However,due to the difference in physical and chemical properties of aluminum/copper,there are many problems such as interface regulation in the welding process.In order to solve these problems,researchers at home and abroad adopted process regulation and metallurgical regulation to inhibit the growth of intermetallic compounds and promote the metallurgical bonding between Al/Cu.In this paper,the aluminum/copper fusion brazing method was reviewed and introduced,and the method of controlling the interface of the welded joint was summarized,the research hotspots and difficulties in this field were proposed,and the future development trend and application prospect of aluminum/copper welding were explored.The results showed that brazing was the best in terms of welding efficiency and welding strength,but the intermetallic compounds at the joints affected its mechanical properties.The mechanical properties could be greatly improved by adding trace elements for metallurgical control.

关 键 词：铝 铜 熔钎焊 金属间化合物 界面调控 

分 类 号：TG457[金属学及工艺—焊接]