汉江中下游梯级枢纽联合生态调度对产漂流性卵鱼类自然繁殖的效应研究  

Effects of the first ecological operation of cascade reservoirs in the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River on the natural reproduction of pelagic fish

作　　者：雷欢[1] 陈锋[1] 谢文星[1] 陈金生[1] 金瑶 黄道明[1] Lei Huan;Chen Feng;Xie Wenxing;Chen Jinsheng;Jin Yao;Huang Daoming(Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Hydroecology Protection and Restoration,Wuhan Lmagination Science and Technology Development Company,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北省水生态保护与修复工程技术研究中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2022年第4期1219-1233,共15页Journal of Lake Sciences

摘　　要：为促进汉江中下游鱼类繁殖,2018年6月汉江中下游首次实施梯级联合生态调度试验.该研究在汉江中下游钟祥、沙洋、泽口、仙桃江段设置监测断面,采集鱼类早期资源,并在兴隆枢纽泄洪闸上、下开展鱼类溯流集群情况监测,以分析生态调度对促进汉江中下游鱼类繁殖的效果.监测结果表明汉江中下游鱼卵种类共有26种(属),其中产漂流性卵鱼类22种.监测期间漂流性卵径流量为143411万粒,其中四大家鱼卵径流量为4887万粒,占3.41%,推测汉江中下游有6处成规模的产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场.生态调度期间,坝下鱼类溯流集群随兴隆枢纽调度过程发生变化,钟祥和仙桃江段均出现两次鱼类产卵高峰,鱼卵径流量占总径流量的61.66%,并监测到四大家鱼卵,表明梯级联合生态调度结合区间来水,对汉江下游鱼类,特别是四大家鱼的繁殖具有积极的作用.In order to promote fish breeding,an ecological dispatching experiment was conducted for the first time in the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River in June 2018.The study set up monitoring sections in Zhongxiang,Shayang,Zekou and Xiantao to collect early fish resources,and monitoring sections of the fish assemblage in sluice gate of Xinglong hub,in order to analyze the effect of ecological regulation on fish reproduction in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River.The results showed that there were 26 species(genera)of fish eggs,of which 22 species were pelagic.The total fish eggs runoff during the monitoring period was 1434.11 million,of which 48.87 million were collected from the four major domestic fishes,accounting for 3.41%.It is estimated that there are six spawning grounds for pelagic fish in the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River.During the ecological regulation period,the fish assemblage under the dam of Xinglong project varied with the scheduling process,there were two spawning peaks in the sections of Zhongxiang and Xiantao,and the fish eggs account for 61.66% of the total,and detected eggs from the four major Chinese carps.The results showed that the combination of ecological regulation and regional water supply had positive effects on the reproduction of fish in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River,especially the four major Chinese carps.

关 键 词：汉江中下游 生态调度 产漂流性卵鱼类 自然繁殖 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]