De novo design of future rapeseed crops:Challenges and opportunities  

作　　者：Shengyi Liu Harsh Raman Yang Xiang Chuanji Zhao Junyan Huang Yuanyuan Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Oil Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430062,Hubei,China [2]NSW Department of Primary Industries,Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute,Wagga Wagga,NSW 2650,Australia [3]Guizhou Rapeseed Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550008,Guizhou,China

出　　处：《The Crop Journal》2022年第3期587-596,共10页作物学报（英文版）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A2034 and 32070217);the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ZDRW202105 and CAASASTIP-2013-OCRI)。

摘　　要：To address the global demand for rapeseed while considering farmers’profit,we face the challenges of making a quantum leap in seed yield and,at the same time,reducing yield loss due to biotic and abiotic stresses.We also face the challenge of efficiently applying new transformative biotechnology tools such as gene editing and breeding by genome design to increase rapeseed productivity and profitability.In this Perspective,we review advances in research on the physiological and genetic bases of both stress factorsaffected yield stability and seed yield potential,focusing on source–sink relationships and allocation of photosynthetic assimilates to vegetative growth and seed development.We propose research directions and highlight the role of plant architecture in the relative contributions of the root system,leaves,and pods to seed yield.We call for de novo design of new rapeseed crops.We review trait variation in existing germplasm and biotechnologies available for crop design.Finally,we discuss opportunities to apply fundamental knowledge and key germplasm to rapeseed production and propose an ideotype for de novo design of future rapeseed cultivars.

关 键 词：Oilseed rape Seed yield Stress tolerance Physiological basis IDEOTYPE Gene editing Breeding by genome design 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]