大果榆全树木材解剖特征及纤维形态的研究  

Wood Anatomical Characteristics and Fiber Morphology of Ulmus macrocarpa

作　　者：杨永强[1] 赵西平[1] 郭平平[1] 赵鹏辉 柳子妤 杨紫菲 YANG Yong-qiang;ZHAO Xi-ping;GUO Ping-ping;ZHAO Peng-hui;LIU Zi-yu;YANG Zi-fei(Henan University of Science and Technology,College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Luoyang Henan,471000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2022年第3期74-80,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31000265、32131701)。

摘　　要：为深入了解大果榆树干、树枝和树根之间的解剖特征及纤维形态的差异,实现全树利用。以东北地区的大果榆为研究对象,观察树干、树枝和树根的解剖特征,测量其纤维形态与分布,分析大果榆全树造纸的可行性,为大果榆造纸提供理论依据。结果显示:大果榆树干和树枝为环孔材,树根为散孔材。树干、树枝、树根的纤维占比、纤维长度、宽度、壁腔比、长宽比分别为54.05%、1021.83μm、19.77μm、1.15、53.69;60.19%、830.49μm、14.15μm、1.06、59.81;43.10%、1247.65μm、17.57μm、1.37、72.05。结果表明:大果榆的树干和树枝适合作为造纸的纤维原料来源;树根的纤维占比较少,不适合作为造纸的纤维原料来源,可在造纸时作为辅料添加。In order to understand the differences in anatomical characteristics and fiber morphology in the trunks,branches and roots of Ulmus macrocarpa Hance,by using the U.macrocarpa in northeast China as material,the anatomical characteristics in trunks,branches and roots was observed,the fiber morphology and fiber distribution was measured,and the feasibility of whole tree papermaking of U.macrocarpa was analyzed.The results showed that the trunks and branches of U.macrocarpa were ring porous wood,and the roots were diffuse porous wood.The fiber ratio,fiber length,fiber width,thickness-diameter ratio and length-width ratio in the trunks were 54.05%,1021.83μm,19.77μm,1.15,53.69,respectively.Those in the branches were 60.19%,830.49μm,14.15μm,1.06,59.81,respectively.Those in the roots were 43.10%,1247.65μm,17.57μm,1.37,72.05,respectively.The results indicates that the trunks and branches of U.macrocarpa were suitable for fiber raw material source of papermaking.The fiber ratio was few in the roots,which was not suitable for fiber raw material source of papermaking,and that can be used as auxiliary material for papermaking.

关 键 词：大果榆 环孔材 散孔材 解剖特征 纤维 

分 类 号：S781.1[农业科学—木材科学与技术] S792.19[农业科学—林学]