黑暗处理对五味子体细胞胚再生及其生理特性的影响  

Effects of dark treatment on somatic embryo regeneration and physiological characteristics of Schisandra chinensis

作　　者：张苏苏 孙丹 艾军 王振兴 石广丽 郭建辉 赵西琳 李雨泽 ZHANG Susu;SUN Dan;AI Jun;WANG Zhenxing;SHI Guangli;GUO Jianhui;ZHAO Xilin;LI Yuze(College of Horticulture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学园艺学院,长春130118

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2022年第5期864-872,共9页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：吉林省科技厅项目(20200404017YY)。

摘　　要：以五味子越冬芽为外植体诱导形成的胚性愈伤组织和体细胞胚为试验材料,研究了黑暗条件对五味子体细胞再生及其过程中几种抗氧化酶活性和内源激素含量变化的影响。结果表明,黑暗培养28 d时,显著促进了五味子体细胞胚的生根及萌发,生根率及萌发率分别达到95.56%和36.67%,光培养条件下分别为4.11%和15.56%;黑暗处理下过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性于球形胚(第7天)-心形胚(第14天)时期高于光照处理,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性于心形胚(第14天)-子叶形胚(第21天)时期低于光照处理;愈伤组织(0 d)-心形胚(第14天)时期为五味子体细胞胚不定根诱导和根原基启动时期,此段时期黑暗处理内源生长素(IAA)及脱落酸(ABA)含量显著低于光照处理,赤霉素(GA3)及玉米素核苷(ZR)含量则呈相反趋势,在体细胞发育所有时期,光培养和暗培养下GA3及ZR均具有相同的趋势。说明体细胞胚发育前期相对较低浓度的内源IAA及ABA含量有利于胚根的产生,而较高浓度的GA3及ZR对体细胞胚根的生长有促进作用。结果表明,黑暗处理可能通过影响内源激素含量及抗氧化酶活性从而调控五味子体细胞胚途径进行再生植株的过程。本研究首次将五味子体细胞胚置于黑暗环境下处理,提高了五味子的生根率及萌发率。The effects of dark conditions on somatic regeneration of Schisandra chinensis and the activities of several antioxidant enzymes and the contents of endogenous hormones during somatic regeneration were studied using embryonic callus and somatic embryo induced by overwintering buds as explants.The results showed that the rooting rate and germination rate of somatic embryo of Schisandra chinensis were 95.56%and 36.67%,respectively,under dark culture for 28 days,and 4.11%and 15.56%under light culture,respectively.Under dark treatment,the catalase(CAT)activity was higher than that under light treatment from spherical embryo(7 d)to heart-shaped embryo(14 d),while the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was lower than that under light treatment from heart-shaped embryo(14 d)to cotyledon embryo(21 d).The callus(0 d)-heart embryo(14 d)stage was the adventitive root induction and root primordia initiation stage.At this stage,the contents of endogenous auxin(IAA)and abscisic acid(ABA)in dark treatment were significantly lower than those in light treatment,while the contents of gibberellin(GA3)and zeatin nucleoside(ZR)showed an opposite trend.In all stages of somatic cell development,GA3 and ZR had the same trend in light culture and dark culture.The results indicated that low concentration of IAA and ABA in the early stage of somatic embryo development was beneficial to the generation of radicle,while high concentration of GA3 and ZR promoted the root growth of somatic embryo.The results showed that dark treatment may regulate the somatic embryo pathway of Schisandra chinensis through affecting endogenous hormone content and antioxidant enzyme activity.In this study,somatic embryo of Schisandra chinensis were treated in dark environment for the first time,and the rooting rate and germination rate of Schisandra chinensis were improved.

关 键 词：五味子 体细胞胚 植株再生 抗氧化酶 内源激素 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]