形变强化和逆相变细晶强化对Fe-18Cr-8Ni钢组织和性能的影响  

Effect of deformation strengthening and phase reversion fine grain strengthening on microstructure and properties of Fe-18Cr-8Ni steel

作　　者：吴雷 柯睿 胡丞杨 万响亮[1] WU Lei;KE Rui;HU Chengyang;WAN Xiangliang(Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学钢铁冶金及资源利用省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《钢铁研究学报》2022年第2期162-168,共7页Journal of Iron and Steel Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U20A20277)。

摘　　要：奥氏体不锈钢较低的屈服强度限制了它在结构件中的使用。采用形变和相逆转变方法分别制备出了高屈服强度的奥氏体不锈钢。利用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射技术和万能试验机分别对奥氏体钢进行组织表征和力学性能测试,结果表明粗大的奥氏体晶粒在形变过程中形成位错、剪切带、应变诱导马氏体等组织,相逆转变方法获得了超细的无缺陷等轴奥氏体晶粒。形变强化和细晶强化均能明显提高奥氏体不锈钢屈服强度(280 MPa提升至550 MPa)的同时保持较好的塑性(伸长率46%和55%)。The low yield strength of austenitic stainless steel restricts the application of which in structure components. High yield strength austenitic stainless steels were prepared by deformation and phase reversion, respectively. The microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic steel were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) and universal testing machine. It was found that the coarse austenite grains formed dislocation, shear band, deformation martensite and other structures during the deformation process, while the ultra-fine defect free equiaxed austenite grains were obtained by phase reversion method. Furthermore, both deformation strengthening and fine grain strengthening can significantly improve the yield strength(from 280 MPa to 550 MPa) of austenitic stainless steel while maintaining good plasticity(46% and 55% in elongation).

关 键 词：奥氏体不锈钢 形变强化 细晶强化 塑化机制 

分 类 号：TG337.3[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]