低空监视雷达“走-停-走”目标跟踪技术  

Move-stop-move Target Tracking with Low-altitude Surveillance Radars

作　　者：徐开明 王佰录 李溯琪 邓云凯 王经鹤 XU Kaiming;WANG Bailu;LI Suqi;DENG Yunkai;WANG Jinghe(The Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;The School of Electronic,Electrical and Communication Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Micro-electronics and Communication Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [2]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100049 [3]重庆大学微电子与通信工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《雷达学报（中英文）》2022年第3期443-458,共16页Journal of Radars

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61901094);中央高校基金(2021CDJJMRH-009);重庆大学科研启动基金(02140011044134)。

摘　　要：以旋翼无人机为代表的低空小目标常采用低速“走-停”策略或利用障碍物遮挡,躲避雷达追踪,对重要信息装备和战略要地进行点穴式打击或干扰。这类目标可多次消失-重返于雷达视域,称之“走-停-走”目标。若采用传统目标跟踪模型和算法处理这类目标,易导致目标身份不连续、航迹碎片化。该文在随机集理论框架下,基于标签多伯努利(LMB)滤波器,研究低空监视雷达“走-停-走”目标连续跟踪问题。为描述“走-停-走”目标多次往返于雷达视域的演化特性,首次引入第3类出生目标模型,即重生(RB)过程模型。首先,利用目标重返雷达视域前-后目标状态的空间位置和动力学参数关系,提出一种基于空域相关(SC)的RB过程;然后,基于SC-RB过程,在贝叶斯滤波框架下,设计了SC-RB-LMB滤波器算法,可实现多“走-停-走”目标连续稳健跟踪,维持航迹标签的连续性;最后,在典型低空监视场景下,通过仿真和实测数据验证了提出模型和算法的有效性和性能优势。Low-altitude small targets,represented by rotor unmanned aerial vehicles,always adopt slow moveand-stop strategy or employ an obstacle blocking strategy to avoid radar detection and conduct point-and-point strikes or interference on important information equipment and strategic bases.This type of target can appear and disappear from the radar Field of View(FoV)multiple times,thus,it is referred to as move-stop-move targets.Dealing with this type of target using traditional tracking models and algorithms can lead to discontinuities in target identity and track fragmentation.To this end,this study investigates the tracking problem of move-stop-move targets with the Labeled Multi-Bernoulli(LMB)filter based on random finite set statistics.To describe the evolution characteristics of multiple entries to the radar FoV,first,we introduce the third type of birth procedure,that is,the Re-Birth(RB)procedure.Specifically,based on the spatial and kinematic relationships between target states before and after returning to the radar FoV,a Spatial Correlation-based RB(SC-RB)procedure is proposed.Then,in the framework of Bayesian filtering,we derive the SC-RB-LMB filter with the proposed SC-RB model,which is capable of tracking move-stop-move targets continuously with its identity unchanged.In typical low-altitude surveillance scenarios,the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is highlighted.

关 键 词：低空监视雷达 “走-停-走”目标跟踪 随机集理论 重生过程模型 标签多伯努利滤波器 

分 类 号：TN953[电子电信—信号与信息处理]