基于耳石微化学的东海和黄海南部近海小黄鱼幼鱼的空间连通性研究  

Spatial connectivity in juvenile Larimichthys polyactis from otolith microchemistry in coastal areas of southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

作　　者：王鹏凯 李圣法[1] 刘尊雷[1] 金艳[1] 姜亚洲[1] 张辉[1] 张翼[1] WANG Pengkai;LI Shengfa;LIU Zunlei;JIN Yan;JIANG Yazhou;ZHANG Hui;ZHANG Yi(Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第2期140-151,共12页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划项目(18YF1429800)。

摘　　要：为研究东海和黄海南部近海小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)群体的空间连通性,于2019年5—6月在东海至黄海南部近海的4个区域采集了当年生的小黄鱼幼鱼,采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)测定了耳石边缘和近核区的耳石元素与Ca的比值(Sr∶Ca、Ba∶Ca、Mn∶Ca和Mg∶Ca),应用非参数的单因素统计方法和非参数置换方差分析PERMANOVA、随机森林分类和无监督的随机森林聚类方法,分析了采样点间小黄鱼幼鱼样本的空间连通性,并评估它们的出生地来源。采样点间小黄鱼幼鱼耳石边缘元素比值呈极显著的空间差异(P<0.05),随机森林分类的总分类准确度为63%,各采样点的分类准确度在50%~75%之间,小黄鱼幼鱼的空间差异主要由Mn、Ba等元素的差异引起。基于耳石近核区元素比值的无监督随机森林聚类的结果显示,小黄鱼幼鱼主要源于黄海南部近海和东海近海的产卵场,Ba是驱动小黄鱼幼鱼出生源空间差异的主要元素。不同海域小黄鱼幼鱼的扩散范围是有限的,随着空间距离的增加,小黄鱼种群连通性表现出种群隔离的趋势。There are still many controversies on the connectivity of small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis populations in the coastal areas of the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea.To address this issue,the young-of-the-year Larimichthys polxactis were collected in four coastal areas located from the East China Sea to the southern Yellow Sea from May to June 2019.Otolith elemental ratios(Sr∶Ca,Ba∶Ca,Mn∶Ca,and Mg∶Ca)were detected by LA-ICP-MS at the near-core and the edge and then analyzed by nonparametric univariate and multivariate(PERMANOVA and random forest)statistics to speculate the natal sources of individuals and to assess the spatial connectivity among the four sampling areas.The otolith edge elemental ratios varied significantly with the sampling areas and mainly caused by Mn∶Ba ratios.The total classification accuracy of random forest classification was 63%,while the classification accuracy of each sampling area was between 50%and 75%.The PERMANOVA test indicated significant geographical differences among the four sampling sites(F_(3,80)=11.79,P<0.001)according to the elemental ratios in the near-core region of otoliths.Based on the multiple PERMANOVA test,there was no significant difference between Sheyang and Lyusi(F_(1,29)=1.58,P=0.20>0.05),but significant difference was detected between Zhoushan and Dachen(F_(1,51)=4.12,P=0.02<0.05).In addition,the differences among other sampling sites were extremely significant(P<0.01).The analysis of otolith near-core elemental ratio implied that the spatial difference of juvenile emergence was mainly driven by Ba.According to random forest clustering analysis results,the ratios of elements in the near core region of otoliths of juvenile Larimichthys polxactis at four sampling points could be roughly divided into two clusters(A and B).73.68%of the individuals in Dachen belonged to A,and 26.32%belonged to B.At Zhoushan,82.35%of individuals belonged to A and 17.65%belonged to B.All individuals at Lyusi belonged to B;20%of the individuals in Sheyang belonged to

关 键 词：小黄鱼 幼鱼 耳石微化学 空间连通性 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]