从派生性关系到独立性关系?——解析中欧关系的基本特征与发展逻辑  

From a Derivative Relationship to an Autonomous One?:Explaining the Characteristics and Logic of China-Europe Partnership

作　　者：宋晓敏[1] Song Xiaomin

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院欧洲研究所,100732

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2022年第2期108-128,M0006,M0007,共23页The Journal of International Studies

摘　　要：70余年来,中欧关系的发展经历了从派生性走向独立性的过程。它既受到国际格局变化等体系性因素的影响,也受到突破国际结构的局限、基于自身需要独立发展关系的内在动力的驱使。中国从欧洲获取资本与技术来发展经济,推动改革开放;欧洲则通过贸易等方式在中国扩大市场,借助政治合作来影响中国的发展道路,进而扩大全球的影响力。双方互有所求,彼此借重,共同发展。在突破冷战格局到主动影响国际结构的互动中,中欧从伙伴关系走向“全面战略伙伴关系”,其独立性日益凸显。然而,在百年变局和世纪疫情的影响下,国际体系进入深度变革时期。随着欧盟对华认知发生重要变化,将中国定位为“谈判伙伴、经济竞争者和制度性对手”;美国“联欧制华”战略层层推进,在贸易、技术、安全等领域打压中国,中欧关系的发展面临竞争与冲突加剧的挑战。中国应深入认识和把握双方关系的内在动力和发展逻辑,保持战略自信和定力,积极开展对欧工作,进一步加强中欧关系的韧性。Over the past 70 years,the relationship between China and Europe has gone through a process from being a derivative of the Cold War bipolarity to one that assumes autonomous vitality.The relationship has been not only affected by systemic factors such as changes in the international pattern,but also driven by the inherent dynamics of China and Europe as they shake off the constraints of the international structure and develop mutual relations in line with their own interests. Whereas China has obtained capital and technology from Europe to develop its economy and promote reform and opening up, Europe has expanded its market in China through trade and other means and has taken advantage of political cooperation to influence China’s development path,thereby strengthening its global influence.Both sides have contributed to meeting each other’s demands,counted on one another for support,and experienced mutual developments.China and Europe have witnessed their relations moving from a “partnership”to “a comprehensive strategic partnership,” whose autonomy has become increasingly prominent,in their interactions from casting off the shackles of the Cold War to actively influencing the international structure.However,the international system has entered a period of profound transformation in the context of centurial changes and the COVID-19pandemic.Now,the EU’s perception of China has undergone important changes,with China being positioned as a“negotiating partner,economic competitor and systemic rival,”and the United States is pressuring China in fields such as trade,technology,and security,while pushing forward its strategy of“rallying Europe against China.”As a result,China and Europe are faced with the challenge of intensified competition and conflict in their ties.China should have a profound understanding of the inherent dynamics and logic of its relations with Europe,maintain strategic confidence and determination,actively engage with Europe,and further strengthen the resilience of China-Europ

关 键 词：中国政治与外交 中欧关系 派生性 独立性 内生动力 体系因素 

分 类 号：D822.35[政治法律—政治学]