免疫耐受的自噬调节  

Autophagy regulation of immune tolerance

作　　者：刘雨佳 都爱莲[1] LIU Yujia;DU Ailian(Tongren Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院,上海200336

出　　处：《生命的化学》2022年第2期301-307,共7页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81971181)。

摘　　要：免疫耐受是机体对特定抗原不产生应答或产生低水平应答的状态,防止自身免疫性疾病的发生。自噬是溶酶体参与的细胞内分解代谢过程,对于免疫耐受的调节是不可或缺的,在淋巴细胞的阴性选择、诱导克隆无能和调节性T细胞的产生中均发挥重要的作用。自噬紊乱会引发多种自身免疫性疾病,如重症肌无力、克罗恩病和系统性红斑狼疮。该文主要对自噬的分子机制、中枢和外周耐受的自噬调节以及自噬在自身免疫性疾病发生发展中的作用进行综述,加深了对自噬在免疫耐受中作用的认识,为自身免疫性疾病的防治提供新靶点。Immune tolerance is a state in which the body does not respond to specific antigens or produces low-level responses to prevent the development of autoimmune diseases.Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process involved in lysosomals,which is indispensable for the regulation of immune tolerance and plays an important role in the negative selection of lymphocytes,induction of clonal anergy,and generation of regulatory T cells.Autophagy disorders can trigger a variety of autoimmune diseases,such as myasthenia gravis,Crohn’s disease,and systemic lupus erythematosus.This review focuses on the molecular mechanism of autophagy,the regulation of autophagy in central and peripheral tolerance,and the role of autophagy in the development of autoimmune diseases,deepens the understanding of the role of autophagy in immune tolerance,and provides new targets for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases.

关 键 词：自噬 免疫耐受 中枢免疫耐受 外周免疫耐受 自身免疫性疾病 自噬相关基因 

分 类 号：R593.2[医药卫生—内科学]