腐植酸对水培冰草生长及其品质的影响  

Effects of application of humic acid on the growth and quality of hydroponic Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.

作　　者：孙倩[1,5,6] 孟力力 李彬[4] 黄红英 柏宗春[2,3] 曲萍[1] 吴华山[1] 张义 SUN Qian;MENG Lili;LI Bin;HUANG Hongying;BAI Zongchun;QU Ping;WU Huashan;ZHANG Yi(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014;Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014;Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014;College of Optical,Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300;Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization,Nanjing 210014;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014;Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation&Waste Management of Agricultural Structures,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所,南京210014 [3]农业农村部长江中下游设施农业工程重点实验室,南京210014 [4]浙江农林大学光机电工程学院,杭州311300 [5]江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心,南京210014 [6]农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室,南京210014 [7]农业农村部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室,北京100089

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2022年第2期227-234,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：农业农村部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室开放课题;江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(19)2003];国家自然科学基金(42077100);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目[JATS(2021)430]共同资助。

摘　　要：为探明营养液中添加不同腐植酸对水培冰草产量及品质的影响,为其在叶菜水培生产中的高效应用提供理论依据,选用非洲冰草为研究对象,以霍格兰营养液为基础溶液进行水培试验,共设置7个处理,以不添加腐植酸为对照(CK)、分别添加50mg·L^(-1)腐植酸(HA1)、100mg·L^(-1)腐植酸(HA2)、200mg·L^(-1)腐植酸(HA3)、50 mg·L^(-1)纳米腐植酸(NHA1)、100 mg·L^(-1)纳米腐植酸(NHA2)和200 mg·L^(-1)纳米腐植酸(NHA3),测量冰草地上部及根系生长指标,检测冰草叶片红外光谱特征、品质及氮磷钾含量。结果表明:在试验浓度下添加腐植酸和纳米腐植酸均可促进冰草生长发育,并随着添加浓度的升高呈现先增后减趋势,其中NHA1效果最佳,较CK显著增加冰草地上部鲜重76.96%、地上部干重185.76%、根系长度42.79%及维C含量46.4%,且显著降低硝酸盐含量45.7%;较CK显著提高氮、磷、钾吸收率19.6%、39.2%及18.3%,其次为HA2处理。各处理的冰草叶片FTIR光谱在3 280、2 920、1 630、1 380、1 300和1 020 cm;波数附近的透射率均低于对照,表明腐植酸尤其是纳米腐植酸能够增加冰草叶片中的糖类、酯类、蛋白质、氨基酸类和核酸等物质的含量,其中以NHA1处理最为显著。综上所述,营养液中添加适宜浓度的腐植酸能显著促进水培冰草地上部及根系的生长,改善冰草品质,促进养分吸收,提高冰草产量,纳米腐植酸的促进作用大于相同浓度的普通腐植酸,可为实际生产提供参考。In this study, in order to provide a theoretical basis for effective utilization of humic acid, we investigated the effects of humic acid and nano-humic acid on the yield and quality of hydroponic Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. Taking M. crystallinum L. as the test material, and using hoagland nutrient solution as the basic cultural solution for the hydroponic experiment, we set up a total of 7 treatments, namely the control without adding humic acid(CK), the addition of 50 mg·L^(-1) humic acid(HA1), 100 mg·L^(-1) humic acid(HA2) and 200mg·L^(-1) humic acid(HA3), respectively, the addition of 50 mg·L^(-1) nano humic acid(NHA1), 100 mg·L^(-1) nano humic acid(NHA2) and 200 mg·L^(-1) nano humic acid(NHA3), correspondingly. We detected the growth indexes of the upper part and root system, infrared spectrum characteristics, and the quality and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in the leaves. The results showed that the addition of humic acid and nano humic acid significantly improved the growth and development of the plant. With the increase of treatment concentration, the promoting effect showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Among these treatments, the greatest promoting effect was obtained by NHA1, and the fresh weight, dry weight, root length, vitamin C content, absorption rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were increased by 76.96%, 185.76%, 42.79%, 46.4%, 19.6%, 39.2%and 18.3%, respectively, and the nitrate content was significantly reduced by 45.7% as compared with CK, followed by HA2. The transmittance of the FTIR spectra of M. crystallinum L. leaves at 3 280, 2 920, 1 630, 1 380,1 300 and 1 020 cm;were lower than that of the control, especially in NHA1 treatment, which indicated that humic acid(especially nano humic acid) could increase the contents of sugars, esters, proteins, amino acids and nucleic acids in the leaves of M. crystallinum L. In conclusion, adding appropriate concentration of humic acid into the nutrient solution could significantly promote the grow

关 键 词：腐植酸 纳米腐植酸 水培 冰草 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S636.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]