社会网络分析方法在鸟类物种多样性分析中的应用——以董寨国家级自然保护区5.5 d环志数据为例  

Bird Species Diversity Based on Animal Social Network Analysis—An Example Using Banding Data from Dongzhai National Reserve

作　　者：朱家贵 黄华 杜志勇 溪波 杨勇 王代平 ZHU Jia-Gui;HUANG Hua;DU Zhi-Yong;XI Bo;YANG Yong;WANG Dai-Ping(Dongzhai National Reserve,Luoshan 464236;Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]河南信阳罗山县董寨国家级自然保护区管理局,罗山464236 [2]动物生态与保护生物学院重点实验室,中国科学院动物研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2022年第3期455-461,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoology

摘　　要：本研究通过社会网络分析网捕环志的数据,来调查河南董寨国家级自然保护区的鸟类物种多样性以及鸟类物种的集群特征。在2021年10月连续5.5 d的网捕环志中,总共环志12科33种鸟类,其中环志最多的鸟类物种为棕头鸦雀(Sinosuthora webbiana)、红胁绣眼鸟(Zosterops erythropleurus)和强脚树莺(Horornis fortipes)。33个物种中树栖食虫鸟类最多,共12个物种,其次是地表食虫鸟类(共8个物种)和杂食鸟类(共6个物种);留鸟17种和迁徙鸟类16种。通过社会网络分析,发现种群数量多的物种处于社会拓扑网络的中心位置,而且相同食性生态位的物种连结强度很高,如树栖食虫鸟类。结果表明,物种种群数量、食性生态位对鸟类物种社会网络关系的影响较大,而物种迁徙特征对鸟类物种社会网络关系则几乎没有影响。本文在国内尝试了采用社会网络分析来调查当地鸟类物种群落的多样性,并揭示了鸟类多物种集群的关键驱动因子。对比传统的鸟类群落调查方法,多物种社会网络分析可获取该集群的时空分布以及物种之间的相互联系。由于社会网络分析可以分析和研究不同生物水平包括个体、种群、物种等的社会行为,从而使之成为近年来很多生物研究领域的常用和热点工具。[Objectives]Animal social network analysis can provide a flexible toolbox for describing the social system of species or populations in a directly quantitative and comparable manner.However,it requires careful consideration of differentiating real from observed networks and controlling for inherent biases that are common in social data.To investigate the species diversity and its community characteristics at the Dongzhai National Reserve,Henan Province,China.[Methods]We carried out 5.5 days of bird banding using mist nets in 2021.Using animal social network analysis,we investigate the social network of species in this reserve.With the network of species implanting species’life-history traits(i.e.trophic niche and migration),we investigate the impact of these life-history traits on the network's structure.Animal social network analysis was done using the R packages‘asnipe’and‘igraph’.[Results]33 species of birds from 12 families were banded among which the most banded species were Vinous-throated Parrotbill(Sinosuthora webbiana),Chestnut-flanked White-eye(Zosterops erythropleurus)and Brown-flanked Bush Warbler(Horornis fortipes)(Table 1).As to the trophic niche of these 33 species,12 belong to invertivore glean arboreal,8 to invertivore ground,and 6 to generalist(Table 1,Fig.1).Seventeen species of the ringed birds are residential and 16 species are migratory.We found that common species appeared in the central of the social network.Moreover,species with the same trophic niche are grouped together in the social network.However,species with the same migration feature(either resident or migratory)appeared randomly in the network(Fig.1).[Conclusions]These patterns indicated that the population size and trophic niche,but not migration,are important factors that influence the social network of species.In short,social network analysis is an advanced method for describing the structure of multi-species groups and investigating the mechanisms underlying collective behavior.

关 键 词：环志 董寨 鸟类物种多样性 多物种集群 社会网络分析 食性生态位 迁徙特征 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]