新时期传统乡村聚落保护发展集群模式的理念辨析和思路探索  

Analysis and exploration of the concept of traditional settlement protection and development cluster mode in the new period

作　　者：张大玉 张文君 陈丹良 ZHANG Dayu;ZHANG Wenjun;CHEN Danliang

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学建筑与城市规划学院,北京100044 [2]城市科学规划设计研究院有限公司生态所,北京100835

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2022年第4期I0016-I0021,I0039,共7页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(项目编号:51938002);国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:51878021)。

摘　　要：传统乡村聚落普遍具有集群特征。过去传统乡村聚落的研究多集中在单一聚落的演变特征、空间特征、历史文化和基因图谱等方面,成果虽丰,但随着新时期城镇化的不断推进、新要求不断提出,也面临着诸多挑战和实际困难。对此,基于集群理念,首先,从理论上对传统乡村聚落的集聚性、关联性、系统性和特质性等四个支撑属性的逻辑关系进行梳理和辨析,认为“集群模式”的传统乡村聚落保护发展是保护和发展的动态融合过程,保护激发发展潜力,发展又不断促进保护。其次,在保护观和规划观上进行转变,传统乡村聚落集群模式是自然空间体系、城乡协同体系、价值增值体系和品牌营建体系的四位一体的综合体系;在规划上提出应合理划分集群单元和建设“共建、共治、共享”的多元系统;在运营上营建刚性与弹性融合的韧性机制和品牌IP。最后,进一步讨论未来价值评估方法和因地制宜实施路径是传统乡村聚落集群模式的主要内容,以期完善我国传统乡村聚落保护发展的集群模式。Traditional settlements generally have the characteristics of clusters. In the past, researches on traditional settlements mostly focused on the evolution characteristics, spatial characteristics, historical culture and gene mapping of single settlements. Although the achievements were abundant, with the continuous advancement of urbanization and new requirements in the new era, they also faced many challenges and practical difficulties., based on the concept of cluster, first of all, from the theory of the traditional settlements of sex and characteristics of integration, correlation, systemic and four support properties of paper and logical relationship, think "cluster pattern" of the traditional settlements protection development is a dynamic fusion of protection and development process, protect inspire potential and development and promote the protection. Secondly, the traditional settlement cluster model is a four-in-one comprehensive system of natural space system, urban and rural coordination system, value added system and brand building system. In planning, we should divide cluster units reasonably and build a multi-system of "co-construction, sharing and co-governance". In the operation of building rigid and elastic completed integration of toughness mechanism and brand IP. Finally, the paper further discusses the future value evaluation method and the implementation path according to local conditions as the main content of the traditional settlement cluster model, in order to perfect the traditional settlement protection and development cluster model in China.

关 键 词：传统乡村聚落 集群模式 保护发展 新时期 理念辨析 思路 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]