国际收缩城市应对空置问题的临时使用策略及启示  

Tackling the Vacancy Problem in International Shrinking Cities: Temporary Use Strategy and its Implications

作　　者：衣霄翔[1] 张郝萍 夏雷[1] YI Xiaoxiang;ZHANG Haoping;XIA Lei

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院自然资源部寒地国土空间规划与生态保护修复重点实验室

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2022年第2期111-118,共8页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金优秀青年项目“人口收缩背景下的城市体检及方法研究”(项目编号:YQ2021E027);黑龙江省哲学社会科学规划项目“收缩城市的人口流失机制与城市规划对策研究”(项目编号:17RKC129);哈尔滨工业大学哲学社会科学繁荣计划项目重点项目“收缩城市的人口危机与空间矛盾研究——以我国东北地区为例”(项目编号:HIT.HSS.202107)。

摘　　要：空置问题是收缩城市发展的核心矛盾之一,也是国际收缩城市研究和治理的核心议题之一。系统地研究国际收缩城市在应对空置问题上采取的创新策略“临时使用”,旨在为我国收缩城市应对相关问题提供思路。通过对临时使用的基本概念、运行逻辑和项目类型的梳理,反映出临时使用项目的核心内涵在于对空置空间的持续利用和价值再造;归纳出3种临时使用项目的基本运行模式,包括市民主导的自发性探索模式、政府主导的有组织推进模式、开发商主导的有计划试探模式,反映出临时使用策略的多元共赢特质及其在化解收缩城市空置危机、创新城市更新治理模式方面的突出贡献;总结国际收缩城市基于临时使用策略的规划范式转变与制度创新,并结合我国实际情况探讨临时使用策略的可行性,提出以创新规划许可制度和依托控规调整程序为关键抓手的实现方式。Vacancy is a core issue of shrinking cities, and has drawn much attention in academic researches and practical governance. Temporary use of vacant spaces adopted by international shrinking cities in dealing with such problems has been studied systematically to help China solve its own problems. Firstly, based on a review of the meanings, rationales, and types of temporary use, the paper suggests that such a strategy creates social value and is conducive to sustainability. Secondly,three basic approaches of temporary use are summarized, which include citizen-led spontaneous approach, government-led promotional approach, and developer-led trial approach. These approaches help bring about win-win-win outcomes, reverse the vacancy crisis, and reinvent the urban renewal models. Finally, the paper summarizes the transformation of planning paradigm and institutional innovation of international shrinking cities that have implemented the temporary use strategy, discusses the feasibility of adapting it to the Chinese context, and provides suggestions on reforming the planning permission system and adjusting the procedure of regulatory detailed planning to facilitate its implementation in China..

关 键 词：过渡使用 空置空间 城市更新 城市治理 非正式规划 规划许可 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]