民法典视域下的夫妻约定财产制  

A Study on Contractual Marital Property System from the Perspective of Civil Code

作　　者：宋刚[1] Song Gang(Law School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院,北京100875

出　　处：《政法论丛》2022年第3期18-29,共12页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“社会系统论视角下突发公共卫生事件的依法治理研究”(编号:20BFX041)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：夫妻约定财产制的功能定位是通过约定排除法定财产制的适用。约定财产制的外延主要考察其与法定财产制、夫妻赠与的关系。如果将本属于法定财产制的内容进行约定,实际上仍然是法定财产制而非约定财产制。约定财产制并不导致财产所有权在夫妻之间发生变动,这是区分约定财产制与夫妻赠与的重要标志。在夫妻共同债务认定方面,约定财产制与法定财产制没有差异。当夫妻不能证明债权人知晓夫妻采取约定财产制时,应该推定夫妻之间适用法定财产制,进而确定个人债务的责任财产。如果一方因此为配偶的个人债务承担了清偿责任,那么法律应该赋予其向对方追偿的权利。The functional orientation of the contractual marital property system is to exclude the application of the legal marital property system by agreement, and the income earned by the spouses during their existence belongs to their own. The extension of the contractual property system mainly investigates its relationship with the legal property system and the gift of the couples. If the content of legal property system is agreed, in fact it is still legal property system rather than contractual property system. The contractual property system does not cause the property ownership to change in couples, which is an important sign to distinguish the contractual property system from the gift of the couples. There is no difference between the legal property system and the contractual property system in the determination of marital debt. When the couples cannot prove that the creditors know that the couples adopt the agreed property system, it should be assumed that the legal property system is applicable to the couples, and then the debts are assumed by the corresponding personal liability property. Based on the above discussion, we should establish the right of husband and wife to recover from each other in order to perfect the contractual property system.

关 键 词：约定财产制 法定财产制 个人债务 夫妻间赠与 相互追偿权 

分 类 号：DF51[政治法律—民商法学]