环境权利之刑事立法批判功能的实现  

The Realization of Criminal Legislative Criticism Function by Protecting Environmental Rights From the Perspective of Reshaping Legal Interest

作　　者：侯艳芳 Hou Yanfang(School of Criminal Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Chinese Research Center of Environmental Crime Governanee,Shanghai 201620)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学刑事法学院中国环境犯罪治理研究中心,上海201620

出　　处：《政法论丛》2022年第3期141-150,共10页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“污染环境犯罪多元治理机制研究”(19ZDA161)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：理清环境犯罪的本质、实现刑事立法批判功能,有助于激活环境刑法发展的内生动力。环境法益之刑事立法批判功能存在短板。环境权利能够提供价值判断方法、助力不同法域立法的衔接,有利于实现刑事立法的批判功能。环境权利之刑事立法批判功能的实现,主要通过环境权利内容多元性的落实、环境权利客体双重价值的判断分别对生态犯罪、资源犯罪刑事立法展开批判性反思。污染环境犯罪的刑事立法应当在双轨制下进行分立式优化;破坏生物多样性犯罪宜规定于环境刑法并被赋予与污染环境犯罪相似地位;野生动物资源犯罪刑事立法应调整形成“一核心双侧重”体系。通过对环境生存权与环境发展权保护、集体权利与个体权利保护的分析完善环境犯罪的刑罚设置。Clarifying the nature of environmental crime and realizing the criminal legislative criticism function contribute to activate the endogenous motivation of the development of environmental criminal law. The criminal legislative criticism function of environmental legal interest is insufficient that functional shaping is urgently needed.Environmental rights can provide methodology of valuation and help the convergence of legislation in different jurisdictions. So environmental rights can realize the criminal legislative criticism function. The criminal legislative criticism function of protecting environmental rights is mainly realized through the critical reflection on the criminal legislation of ecological crime and resource crime respectively through the plural content of environmental rights and the dual judgment of object value of environmental rights. The criminal legislation of environmental pollution crime should be structurally optimized under the dual-track system;the crime against biodiversity should be stipulated in the environmental criminal law and given a similar status to environmental pollution crime;the criminal legislation of wildlife resources crime should be adjusted to form “one core dual focus” system. Through the analysis of protection of environmental survival rights and environmental development rights as well as collective rights and individual rights, the penalty setting of environmental crime should be discussed.

关 键 词：环境法益 环境权利 刑事立法批判功能 

分 类 号：DF626[政治法律—刑法学]