《联合国海洋法公约》缔结背后的国家利益考察与中国实践  

Investigation of national interests and China’s practice based on the conclusion of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

作　　者：白佳玉 BAI Jia-yu(School of Law,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院,天津300350

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2022年第2期3-13,共11页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

基　　金：2018年度国家社科基金重大研究专项“新时代海洋强国建设”(18VHQ001)。

摘　　要：《联合国海洋法公约》的缔结,是国际海洋法规则发展道路上的重要里程碑。在联合国第三次海洋法会议期间,缔约国提交的提案中的主张并非无的放矢,其提案的背后是基于国家利益的考量,其谈判过程中蕴含着对谈判尖锐问题的妥协、平衡与调和。中国为《联合国海洋法公约》的缔结作出了重要贡献,相关提案的背后显示出中国所秉持的“义利兼顾”的正确义利观。当前,《联合国海洋法公约》所维护的利益呈现出由国家利益向全人类共同利益演进的趋势。中国在这一时代背景下,坚持基于人类命运共同体的海洋命运共同体理念,努力成为基于国际法的国际海洋秩序的倡导者、建设者、贡献者,在气候变化共同应对、国际海底区域资源开发、公海生物多样性养护等与全人类共同利益联系密切的海洋法问题上提供“中国方案”。The conclusion of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(UNCLOS)is an important milestone in the development of international law of the sea rules.During the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea,the statements proposed by states parties were not aimless.Behind these proposals is the consideration of the national interests of the contracting states.The negotiation process contains the compromise,balance and reconciliation of the national interests of contracting states to the sharp issues during the negotiations.China has made significant contributions to the conclusion of UNCLOS and shows its consistent adherence to uphold justice and pursue shared interests.At present,the interests maintained by UNCLOS manifest a trend of evolution from national interests to common interests of all mankind.In this Anthropocene era,China adheres to the concept of maritime community with a shared future based on a community with a shared future for mankind,actively strives to be an advocate,builder and contributor to the international law based maritime order of the maritime community,and provides a“Chinese plan”on law of the sea issues closely related to the common interests of all mankind,such as the joint response to climate change,international seabed regional resource development and the high seas biodiversity conservation.

关 键 词：《联合国海洋法公约》 国家利益 全人类共同利益 中国实践 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]