“南海仲裁案”裁决的后续国际裁判实践述评  

Comments on the subsequent international adjudications of the Award of South China Sea Arbitration

作　　者：施余兵 董世杰 SHI Yu-bing;DONG Shi-jie(School of Law/South China Sea Institute,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;Centre for Oceans Law and the China Seas,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学法学院/南海研究院,福建厦门361005 [2]厦门大学海洋法与中国东南海疆研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2022年第2期35-44,共10页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

基　　金：2020年度国家社科基金一般项目“应对越南可能提起新一轮南海仲裁案程序问题研究”(20BFX195)。

摘　　要：自“南海仲裁案”裁决于2016年出台以来,国际裁判机构出现了援引该裁决、损害中国海洋权益的动向。国际裁判机构涉“南海仲裁案”裁决的实践可以分为三种类型:一是法庭或仲裁庭在判决书或裁决书正文中援引“南海仲裁案”裁决;二是法官或仲裁员通过“单独意见”或“反对意见”等方式发表个人观点来支持或批判法庭或仲裁庭作出的判决或裁决,其中在正文或脚注处涉及“南海仲裁案”裁决;三是当事方在法庭辩论中援引“南海仲裁案”相关裁决来支撑本国立场。这三种类型的援引对“南海仲裁案”裁决的先例价值的支撑作用依次降低。总体上看,国际裁判机构在直接援引“南海仲裁案”裁决上较为克制,更多的还是当事方以及部分法官或仲裁员的援引,以达到支持本方观点或者赞同、批判裁决的目的。对此,中国应该予以足够的重视并准备好相关预案。Since the Award of South China Sea Arbitration(SCS Award)was released in 2016,some contents of the Award have been quoted by subsequent international adjudications which harm China’s maritime rights and interests.Generally speaking,the international adjudications that quote the SCS Award could be classified into three groups:the first is the quote of the SCS Award by the court or arbitral tribunal in their judgment or award;the second is the quote of the SCS Award by the judges or arbitrators in their“Separate Opinion”or“Dissenting Opinion”through mentioning the SCS Award in the text or the footnotes,aiming to support or oppose the rulings of the court or arbitral tribunal;and the third is the quote of the SCS Award by the counsel and advocates of both parties in the hearing of the case,aiming to defend their respective positions.The function of the above three types of quote in underpinning the precedent value of the SCS Award is decreasing.Generally speaking,international courts and arbitral tribunals are refraining from quoting the SCS Award directly.Instead,mostly the quotes are conducted by the representatives and counsels of the parties and certain judges and arbitrators,aiming to support the positions of the parties or reserve their personal views against the rulings.It is thus imperative for China to pay much attention to this issue and respond accordingly.

关 键 词：国际裁判机构 “南海仲裁案” 援引 先例价值 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]