“净零排放”目标下海运减排法律机制的协同性及对海洋法发展的展望  

Interoperability of legal mechanisms of marine emission reduction under the goal of“net zero emission”and prospect for the development of the law of the sea

作　　者：刘晓菲 LIU Xiao-fei(Political Science and Law School,Weifang University,Weifang 261061,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊学院政法学院,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2022年第2期103-112,共10页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

基　　金：2019年度国家社科基金重大项目(19VHQ009)。

摘　　要：“净零排放”目标对国际海运减排提出了更高要求,“减硫”和“降碳”成为海运业当下正面临的挑战。在现行海运减排框架下,海运硫氧化物减排和温室气体减排是相互关联并相对独立的减排体系,在减排实践中二者出现一定程度的不协调,纷争背后的实质是错综复杂的气候政治、监管成本、减排理念以及国际话语权等因素的综合较量。面对海运减排的新形势新要求,海洋法未来需在真实联系原则,船旗国、沿海国和港口国的管辖权平衡以及有关海洋污染的相关定义等方面进行与时俱进的调整。中国应当在人类命运共同体理念的指导下,坚持海洋可持续发展理念,持续推动海运减污降碳,以实现空气与气候的协同治理,为全球气候治理提供中国智慧和中国方案。The goal of“net zero emission”puts forward higher requirements for maritime emission reduction in international shipping.“Desulfurization”and“decarbonization”have become the challenges that the shipping industry is currently facing.Under the current framework of maritime emission reduction,maritime sulfur oxide emission reduction and greenhouse gas emission reduction are interrelated and relatively independent systems.In the practice of emission reduction,the two emission reduction mechanisms are uncoordinated to some certain extent.The underlying essence of the dispute is the comprehensive competition of some complex factors,such as the political climate,regulatory costs,emission reduction concepts,and international discourse rights.Facing the new situation and new requirements of maritime emission reduction,the law of the sea needs to be adjusted in terms of the principle of genuine link,the balance of jurisdiction between flag states,coastal states and port states,and relevant definitions of marine pollution in the future.Under the guidance of the concept of a community of shared future for mankind,China should adhere to the concept of sustainable marine development,continue to promote maritime carbon reduction and emission reduction,so as to achieve coordinated air and climate governance,and to provide Chinese wisdom and solutions for global climate governance.

关 键 词：气候变化 温室气体减排 协同治理 碳达峰 碳中和 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]