温度和饵料种类对彩色金黄水母(Chrysaora colorata)螅状体生长发育的影响  

Effect of Temperature and Live Food Species on Growth and Development of Polyps of Jellyfish Chrysaora colorata

作　　者：周强 王云忠 齐继光 王玮 李达 ZHOU Qiang;WANG Yunzhong;QI Jiguang;WANG Wei;LI Da(Marine Science and Technology Museum,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋科技馆,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2022年第3期36-43,共8页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

摘　　要：将彩色金黄水母(Chrysaora colorata)水母螅状体培养在1 L的玻璃烧杯中,分别投喂卤虫(Artemia)无节幼体、凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)和安氏伪镖水蚤(Pseudodiaptomus annandalei Sewell),每个饵料组设3个温度(15℃、20℃和25℃),以探讨彩色金黄水母长期人工保种繁育技术。结果表明,在15℃和20℃下,各组水母螅状体生长发育良好,在25℃下仅安氏伪镖水蚤组未出现水母螅状体裂解死亡现象,证明在15~20℃温度范围内可进行水母螅状体长期保种。3个温度水平下,凡纳滨对虾组与卤虫无节幼体组的水母螅状体柄径生长速率相当,均高于安氏伪镖水蚤组;3个饵料组水母螅状体横裂释放碟状体数量由高至低依次为:卤虫无节幼体组>凡纳滨对虾组>安氏伪镖水蚤组。出芽生殖受温度制约较为明显,20℃下卤虫无节幼体组水母螅状体出芽量、出芽螅状体数、总螅体数均高于其他各组。本研究初步探讨了温度和饵料水平对彩色金黄水母螅状体阶段生长发育的影响,可为开展钵水母纲其他种类的长期保种提供了一定的借鉴和数据参考。The polyps of color golden jellyfish(Chrysaora colorata)were cultured in a 1 L glass beaker,and fed Artemia nauplii,Pacific white leg shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)or copepod(Pseudodiaptomus annandalei Sewell).The polyps in each live food group were exposed to water temperature of 15℃,20℃or 25℃to explore the long-term artificial conservation and breeding technology of the colored golden jellyfish.The results showed that the polyps had good growth and development in each group at 15℃and 20℃,with increase in mortality at 25℃,indicating that the polyps were held long-term at room temperature range of 15~20℃.The similar growth rate was observed in the polyps fed fresh shrimp and Artemia nauplii,higher than the polyps fed the copepod(P.annandalei Sewell)at temperatures above.To expand the population,fresh shrimp and Artemia nauplii were fed as high-quality live food by promoting strobilation of the polyps to produce ephyras.The descending order of number of ephyra released from the strobilation of the polyps of the jellyfish in the three feed groups was expressed as:Artemia nauplii group>Pacific white leg shrimp group>copepod group.There were higher amount of budding,the number of budding polyps and total polyps in Artemia nauplii group than those of other groups at 20℃.The finding provides some references and data basis for the long-term conservation of other species of Scyphozoa.

关 键 词：彩色金黄水母 水母螅状体 保种 温度 饵料 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]