孔石莼Ulva pertusa生物滤器对氨氮和磷酸盐的去除研究  

Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen and Phosphate by Sea Lettuce Ulva pertusa Biofilter

作　　者：卢宏博 车鉴 夏宁 魏海峰 LU Hongbo;CHE Jian;XIA Ning;WEI Haifeng(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Liaoning Key Laboratory of Offshore Marine Environmental Science and Technology,Dalian 116023,China;Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Marine Environmental Science and Technology,Dalian 116023,China;Dalian Xinyulong Marine Biological Seed Technology Co.Ltd.,Dalian 116222,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [3]辽宁省近岸海洋环境科学与技术重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [4]大连鑫玉龙海洋生物种业科技股份有限公司,辽宁大连116222

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2022年第3期51-57,共7页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1407703);大连市科技重大专项(2020ZD23SN009);辽宁省教育厅服务地方项目(DL201804);国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放基金(201309、201809);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室(201013).

摘　　要：本文通过设计由圆柱体透明有机玻璃构成的孔石莼Ulva pertusa生物滤器,内装均分5等分、每层设有缺口的隔板,每隔板的缺口方向相反,使水流由下至上循环流动,研究孔石莼生物量(100 g、200 g、300 g、400 g和500 g)、水力停留时间(HRT)(43 min、28 min、21 min和17 min)和不同浓度梯度氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N由氯化氨配制,浓度为1 mg/L、2 mg/L、3 mg/L、4 mg/L和5 mg/L)、磷(由磷酸二氢钾配制,浓度为0.14 mg/L、0.28 mg/L、0.42 mg/L、0.56 mg/L和0.70 mg/L)下生物滤器内孔石莼对水中氨氮和磷酸盐的吸收去除。实验期为5 d,每天上午10:00开始,持续时间为6 h。实验期间自然连续光照,实验开始后的0 h(原水)、1 h、2 h、3 h、4 h、5 h和6 h取样。结果表明,孔石莼生物滤器能吸收去除氨氮和磷酸盐,其中孔石莼生物滤器去除废水中的氨氮效果较为明显,在不同孔石莼的质量、水力负荷以及废水中氨氮和磷酸盐的浓度不同条件下,其去除率达40%~90%。孔石莼生物滤器对磷酸盐的去除效果一般,平均10%~30%。本研究结果对研究大型海藻生物滤器有重要意义,可用于含盐废水的生物废水脱氮除磷产业化。In this paper,a sea lettuce Ulva pertusa biological filter made of the transparent organic glass cylinder was designed,and the biological filter was divide into five equal parts of each layer with a gap of clapboard,each partition in the gap in the opposite direction,bottom-up circulating water flow.The absorption and removals of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate from water by the sea lettuce biofilter were investigated at sea lettuce biomass of 100 g,200 g,300 g,400 g and 500 g),hydraulic retention time(HRT)of 43 min,28 min,21 min and 17 min,different nitrogen concentrations of 1 mg/L,2 mg/L,3 mg/L,4 mg/L and 5 mg/L(NH_(4)^(+)-N prepared by ammonia chloride),and phosphorus concentrations of 0.14 mg/L,0.28 mg/L,0.42 mg/L,0.56 mg/L and 0.70 mg/L)(prepared from potassium dihydrogen phosphate)for 5 d,starting at 10:00 am and lasting for 6 h every day at natural continuous light,sampling at 0 h,1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h,5 h and 6 h after the start of the experiment,to evaluate the effects of sea lettuce biomass,HRT and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations on removal of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate by sea lettuce biofilter.The results showed that the sea lettuce biological filter had capacity of absorption and removals of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate from water,with more obvious removal efficiency(40%~90%)of ammonia nitrogen by the sea lettuce biological filter,with the removal rate(about 10%~30%)of phosphate under different conditions of sea lettuce biomass,hydraulic load and concentration of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in wastewater.The finding are of great significance for the study of macroalgae biofilters,and can be used in the industrialization of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from saline wastewater.

关 键 词：孔石莼生物滤器 氨氮 磷酸盐 去除效率 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]