汉语非典型疑问构式“V什么”的句法机制与语体属性  

The Register Property and Grammatical Mechanism of Chinese Atypical Interrogative Structure“V Shenme(什么)”

作　　者：章昱帆 Zhang Yufan(Academy of Chinese Dialect,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 312004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学中国方言研究院,浙江金华312004

出　　处：《现代语文》2022年第6期58-64,共7页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：普通话中表抱怨、反诘的非典型疑问构式“V什么V”“V什么”,在不同语体层面上具有不同的分布特征。非典型疑问构式“V什么”可以根据动词的音节,划分为两种语体类型:单音节为典型的口语体,双音节则为非典型的正式体。在偏正式的语体中,语音形式机制会倾向于删除由动词移位构成的句法链的下拷贝。这一语言事实也再次证明了,语体是影响广义句法操作的一个不容忽视的重要因素。Based on the theory of Rgister-Stylistic Grammar,this paper discusses the distribution of atypical interrogative structure in Mandarin at different register levels.We argue that atypical interrogative structure“V Sheme(什么)”can be strictly divided into two types according to the number of syllables:the structures with monosyllabic verbs correspond to typical casual style,and the structures with disyllabic verbs correspond to atypical formal style.In the more formal style,the mechanism of Phonetic Form tends to delete the lower copy of syntactic chain formed by verb-movement.The observation of this paper proves that register is an important factor which affects generalized syntactic operation.

关 键 词：“V什么” 非典型疑问句 语体语法 动词移位 拷贝删除 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]