5-氮杂胞苷调节植物基因表达研究进展与应用展望  

5-Azacytidine Regulating Plant Gene Expression: Research Progress and Application Prospect

作　　者：方学良 付铭 陈正[1] 白云秀 何莹[1] 曾汉来[1] FANG Xueliang;FU Ming;CHEN Zheng;BAI Yunxiu;HE Ying;ZENG Hanlai(MARA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点实验室/华中农业大学植物科学与技术学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第13期30-35,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研究计划“长江中下游稻油区资源优化配置机理与高效种植模式研究”(2016YFD0300207);湖北农业科技创新中心“湖北省粮油棉作物高效轻简化技术研究与应用”(2019-620-000-001-32)。

摘　　要：5-氮杂胞苷是一种DNA甲基化抑制剂,可以通过降低DNA的甲基化水平来调节基因的表达,从而对生物的生长发育进行表观遗传调控,其在动物与医学领域已有广泛的研究与应用,近年来在植物基因表达调节方面的研究与应用报道也逐渐增多。本研究对植物DNA甲基化的类型、引发、影响因素和抑制剂的作用进行了概述,重点对5-氮杂胞苷对植物基因表达水平的调节和作用效果进行了阐述。并对其在水稻、小麦、棉花等重要作物生长发育、逆境适应、育性调节及次生代谢的影响与作用进行归纳,可为植物基因表达表观调节研究与应用提出新的关注点。5-Azacytidine is a DNA methylation inhibitor, which can regulate gene expression by reducing the methylation level of DNA, thus providing epigenetic regulation for biological growth and development. It has been widely studied as well as applied in animal and medical field and its research and application in plant gene expression regulation have been reported increasingly in recent years. This review provided an overview of the types of plant DNA methylation, the causing factors, the influencing factors and the role of inhibitors,focusing on the regulation and effects of 5-Azacytidine on plant gene expression levels. The effects of 5-Azacytidine on growth and development, stress adaptation, fertility regulation and secondary metabolism in rice, wheat, cotton and other important crops were summarized, and a new insight for the study and application of epigenetic regulation of plant gene expression was also presented.

关 键 词：5-氮杂胞苷 DNA甲基化 表观调控 植物基因表达调控 植物生长发育调节 

分 类 号：S312[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]