长期秸秆还田对提高小麦-玉米轮作耕层土壤养分及产量分析  

EffectofLong-termStraw Returning onTopsoilNutrients and Crop Yield Under Wheat-MaizeRotation

作　　者：李守华 LI Shouhua(Fangzi Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau,Weifang,Shandong 261200)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市坊子区农业农村局,山东潍坊261200

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第14期60-64,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为了揭示长期(连续10年以上)秸秆还田对耕层土壤的养分含量以及作物产量的影响,从2009年夏季小麦收获秸秆还田开始实施定位对比试验。结果表明:连续秸秆还田地块耕层土壤养分含量和小麦-玉米产量明显增加,土壤有机质年平均增加0.333 g/kg,碱解氮含量年平均增加2.2 mg/kg,有效磷含量年平均增加1.3 mg/kg,速效钾含量年平均增加3.8 mg/kg;小麦年平均增产144 kg/hm^(2),玉米年平均增产207.6 kg/hm^(2)。该研究坚持长期定位试验,创新性地对小麦-玉米轮作产量跟踪研究,为小麦玉米主产区作物秸秆还田技术推广和农业科技人员对土壤环境研究提供了较为完整的理论和实践指导意义。To study the effect of long-term(over ten years)straw returning on the nutrient content of the topsoil and crop yield,long-term comparative experiments of wheat straw returning were carried out from the summer of 2009.Results showed that the topsoil nutrients’content and crops’yield increased significantly,the annual average increase of soil organic matter was 0.333 g/kg,the annual average increase of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content was 2.2 mg/kg,the annual average increase of available phosphorus content was 1.3 mg/kg,the annual average increase of available potassium content was 3.8 mg/kg,the annual average yield increase of wheat was 144 kg/hm^(2),and the annual average yield increase of maize was 207.6 kg/hm^(2).The long-term location experiments could track the crop yield variation of wheat-maize rotation,and provide an overall package of reference for promoting crop straw returning technologies and further research on soil environment for agricultural production.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 定位试验 耕层土壤 养分 产量 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学] S513