祖先的鼓舞:彝族花鼓舞的身体叙事与历史记忆  

Ancestral Drum Dance:Body Narrative and Historical Memory of Yi Flower-Drum Dance

作　　者：黄龙光 HUANG Long-guang(Editorial Department of the Journal of Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650092,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学学报编辑部,昆明650092

出　　处：《北京舞蹈学院学报》2022年第2期57-67,共11页Journal of Beijing Dance Academy

基　　金：2017年国家社会科学基金西部项目“中国西南少数民族灾害神话研究”(项目编号17XMZ063)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：彝族花鼓舞贮藏着彝族远古共祖阿普笃慕主持祭祖大典、六祖分支、四方迁徙的历史记忆。彝族花鼓舞以“踩”为基础的一系列舞蹈动作组合,与以“螺蛳转”为核心的独特阵型套路,是后人踩平亡灵归祖途中尖刀草“送灵归祖”的身体叙事,也是对彝族历史上踩踏尖刀草,六祖分支、四方迁徙历史记忆的艺术化模拟。彝经传抄吟诵、丧礼花鼓舞展演,与传统丧仪一道,整体性形构了一个互文、互释的文化传承机制,动态地激活民族历史记忆,使内部固有分支迁徙传统的彝族实现了超越时空的文化共同体认同。研究诸如彝族花鼓舞等传统民俗舞蹈,我们不仅要聚焦其独特的舞蹈语汇,而且要还原其展演的原生民俗语境,回溯民族古老的历史记忆,才有可能揭示舞蹈独有的身体叙事内涵,深度理解舞蹈艺术对民族认同和社群凝聚的意义。The flower-drum dance of Yi ethnic group stores the historical memory of their ancient common ancestor Apudumu,presiding over the grand ceremony of ancestral worship,the branching of six ancestors,and the migration of all directions.The series of flower-drum dance movement combinations based on“stamping”,and the unique formation routine with“spiral turn”as the core,are the body narrative describing later generations stamping on the knife-sharp grass on their way to“escort souls back to ancestors,and they are also the artistic imitation of historical memory of stamping on the knife-sharp grass,the branching of six ancestors,and the migration of all directions in their history.The copying and reciting of Yi scriptures,the funeral flower-drum dance performances,together with the traditional funeral ceremonies,have formed a cultural inheritance mechanism of intertextuality and mutual interpretation,dynamically activating the national historical memory,and enabling Yi people,with their inherent migration tradition of branches,to realize the cultural community identity beyond time and space.To study traditional folk dances such as Yi flower-drum dance,we should not only focus on its unique dance vocabulary,but also restore its original folk contexts and trace back the national historical memory,so as to reveal its unique body narrative connotation and deeply understand the significance of dance art for the national identity and community cohesion.

关 键 词：彝族花鼓舞 送灵归祖 身体叙事 实践记忆 

分 类 号：J722.2[艺术—舞蹈]