矿井煤仓自燃火灾治理及防控方法研究  

Study on Control and Prevention Methods for Spontaneous Combustion in Coal Bunker of Mine

作　　者：任立峰[1,2] 王伟峰[1,3] 李青蔚 郝健池[1] 马砺 REN Lifeng;WANG Weifeng;LI Qingwei;HAO Jianchi;MA Li(Xizan University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Post-doctoral Research Center of Mining Engineering,Xizan University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学,西安710054 [2]西安科技大学矿业工程博士后流动站,西安710054 [3]陕西省煤火灾害防治重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2022年第6期82-85,共4页Coal Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51904232)。

摘　　要：为了扑灭山东某矿井煤仓自燃火灾,采用红外测温仪测试发现,煤仓东北放煤口以上5、7、8 m的表面存在3处煤自燃产生高温区域;煤仓内部出现明火,最高温度超过500℃。为了确保煤仓火灾治理过程中的安全、高效,设计了液态二氧化碳与水直接压注相结合的技术工艺及灭火钻孔技术布置方案。从空气炮口和钻孔压注液态二氧化碳和水不仅能够快速降低高温煤体温度,而且会显著降低煤仓内可燃可爆气体及氧气浓度,防止水煤气爆炸,保证煤仓灭火过程的安全。同时在灭火过程中,放煤口打开正常放煤,加速火灾熄灭。经过对煤仓高温区域控制和灭火2个阶段的治理实现了煤仓火灾控制和熄灭。利用液态二氧化碳和注水相结合的煤仓火灾治理方案具有高效、安全、低成本的优点,对煤仓火灾的治理具有较高的应用和推广价值。In order to extinguish the spontaneous fire of a coal bunker in a mine in Shandong province,three high temperature areas at 5 meters, 7 meters and 8 meters above the coal-discharging cave in the northeast of the coal bunker were discovered by infrared thermometer, while the open fire occurred inside the bunker and the highest temperature was above 500 ℃. To ensure the safety and efficiency during controlling the fire in the coal bunker, the direct injection technology combining liquid carbon dioxide and water was put forward, and the drilling arrangement for extinguishing the fire was designed.Injecting liquid carbon dioxide and water from air muzzles and boreholes can not only quickly reduce the temperature of high-temperature coal, but also significantly reduce the concentration of combustible and explosive gases and oxygen in the bunker to prevent water gas from exploding, ensuring the safety during fire extinguishing in coal bunker. Meanwhile, the coal-discharging cave was normally opened to discharge coal to accelerate the fire extinguishment during this process. The control and extinguishment of coal bunker fire is realized by controlling high temperature area and extinguishing fire. The coal bunker fire control method based on liquid carbon dioxide and water injection has the advantages of high efficiency, safety, and low cost, which provides high application and promotion value for coal bunker fire control and prevention.

关 键 词：煤仓火灾 高温区域 液态二氧化碳 火灾治理 

分 类 号：TD752.2[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]