不同花性分化时期顶坛花椒花芽激素、多胺和C/N变化规律  

Changes of Hormones, Polyamines and C/N in Different Floral Sex Differentiation Stages of Zanthoxylum planispinum var. dingtanensis Flower Buds

作　　者：周朝彬 饶茂霞 胥国楠 王志琴 龚伟[2] 杨永建 田正友 曾伯平[1] ZHOU Chaobin;RAO Maoxia;XU Guonan;WANG Zhiqin;GONG Wei;YANG Yongjian;TIAN Zhengyou;ZENG Boping(College of Biology and Agriculture Science and Technology,Zunyi Normal College,Zunyi 563006,Guizhou,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering,College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Jiulong County Agriculture,Animal Husbandry,Rural and Science and Technology Bureau,Jiulong 626200,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义师范学院生物与农业科技学院,贵州遵义563006 [2]四川农业大学林学院,林业生态工程省级重点实验室,成都611130 [3]九龙县农牧农村和科技局,四川九龙626200

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2022年第3期387-394,407,共9页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：贵州省科技厅基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般579);贵州省林业局应用基础研究项目(黔林科合[2022]39号);学术新苗培养及创新探索专项项目培育项目(遵师XM[2020]1号-08);市校联合资金项目(遵市科合HZ字[2020]13号);博士启动基金(遵师BS[2020]3号);赤水河流域环境保护与山地农业发展人才基地项目;国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000605,2020YFD1000700);四川省科技厅项目(2016NYZ0035)。

摘　　要：【目的】近年来,贵州省关岭县和贞丰县种植的顶坛花椒出现大量开雄花的现象,表明花性分化过程发生了变化。顶坛花椒花性分化过程中生理特征变化表现出怎样规律,目前尚不清楚。为此,探讨了顶坛花椒花性分化过程中激素、多胺以及C/N变化规律,为顶坛花椒花性分化机制及调控提供理论基础。【方法】以贵州省关岭县顶坛花椒为研究对象,采用酶联免疫法测定花性分化不同时期花芽的赤霉素(GA_(3))、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、乙烯(Eth)、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素(ZR)含量;采用高效液相色谱测定花芽腐胺(Put)、苯乙胺(Pea)、尸胺(Cad)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)、色胺(Try)、组胺(His)和酪胺(Tyr)含量;采用蒽酮比色法测定花芽可溶性糖含量,采用考马斯亮蓝法测定花芽可溶性蛋白质含量,二者的比值为C/N。【结果】(1)在顶坛花椒花性分化不同时期中,IAA和ABA差异显著,且均表现出雌花>雄花>花序轴分化期的花芽的规律,表明高的IAA和ABA含量促进雌花发育;雄花和雌花中GA_(3)含量均显著高于花序轴分化期的花芽,雄花和雌花的GA_(3)含量无差异,表明较高的GA_(3)含量有利于雌花和雄花的发育。(2)在顶坛花椒花性分化不同时期均未检出Put和Pea,其他6种多胺均差异显著;随着花性分化过程的进行,Cad表现出先降低后升高的规律,Spd、Try和His表现出持续降低的规律,表明Cad可能与雌花发育有关,而Spd、Try和His可能与雄花发育关联;Tyr表现出先升高后降低的规律,Spm则仅在雌花中检出,表明高的Tyr含量促进雄花发育而高的Spm含量促进雌花发育。(3)随着花性分化过程的进行,C/N表现出先升高后降低的规律,雄花和雌花的C/N显著高于花序轴分化期的花芽,且雄花的C/N显著高于雌花,表明高的C/N促进雄花发育。【结论】高浓度的IAA、ABA和Spm促进顶坛花椒雌花发育,而高浓度的Tyr和C/N有利于雄花发育,这为未来通【Objective】In recent years,a large number of male flowers of Zanthoxylum planispinum var.dingtanensis have appeared in Guanling county and Zhenfeng county of Guizhou province,indicating that the floral differentiation process has changed. At present,it is not clear how the physiological characteristics change during floral differentiation. Based on this,the changes of hormones,polyamines and C/N during floral sex differentiation of Z. planispinum var. dingtanensis were studied,which can provide theoretical basis for the mechanism and regulation of floral sex differentiation of the plant. 【Method】In this manuscript,Z. planispinum var. dingtanensis derived from Guanling county of Guizhou province was taken as the study material,the contents of gibberellin(GA_(3)),indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),ethylene(Eth),abscisic acid(ABA)and zeatin(ZR)of flower buds at different floral sex differentiation stages were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The contents of putrescine(Put),phenylethylamine(Pea),cadaverine(Cad),spermidine(Spd),spermidine(Spm),tryptamine(Try),histamine(His)and tyramine(Tyr)in flower buds were measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The soluble sugar content was determined by anthrone colorimetry method,and the soluble protein content was measured by Coomassie bright blue method,the ratio of soluble sugar to soluble protein was considered the C/N.【Result】(1)There were significant differences in IAA and ABA between different stages of floral sex differentiation of Z. planispinum var. dingtanensis,and they all showed the pattern of female flowers > male flowers > flower buds in inflorescence primordium differentiation phase,indicating that high IAA and ABA content promoted the development of female flowers. GA_(3) content in both male and female flowers was significantly higher than that in flower buds in inflorescence primordium differentiation phase,and there was no difference in GA_(3) content between male and female flowers,indicating that higher GA_(3) con

关 键 词：顶坛花椒 花性分化 激素 多胺 C/N 

分 类 号：S573.9[农业科学—作物学]