长江经济带生态系统格局演变及其驱动力分析  

Ecosystem spatial pattern evolution characteristics and its driving forces in Yangtze River Economic Belt

作　　者：孙静静 王卿[2] 王敏[2] 谭娟[2] 黄沈发[1,2] SUN Jingjing;WANG Qing;WANG Min;TAN Juan;HUANG Shenfa(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Science,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233

出　　处：《人民长江》2022年第6期83-89,98,共8页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA058);上海市生态环境局科研项目(沪环科[2020]第8号)。

摘　　要：为了揭示长江经济带生态系统格局和演变特征,并分析其驱动力,对长江经济带1990~2020年生态系统空间分布其及变化进行了分析。结果表明:近30 a来,长江经济带农田生态系统面积减少最多,减少了3.47万km^(2),城镇生态系统面积增加最多,增加了4.06万km^(2)。中游省份和下游省市的生态系统变化最为剧烈。长江经济带景观破碎度增加,景观多样性提高。城镇化是长江经济带生态系统格局变化的首要驱动力。为保护长江经济带生态系统可持续发展,需提升其生态系统服务功能,保障流域生态安全;积极开展耕地保护,保障国家粮食安全;优化生态系统空间格局,保障城镇人居生态安全。To reveal the pattern and evolution characteristics of the ecosystem in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and analyze its driving forces,the spatial distribution and changes of the ecosystem in the Yangtze River Economic Belt during 1990-2020 were analyzed.The results showed that in the past 30 years,the farmland ecosystem area decreased the most(decreasing 3.47×104 km^(2)),and the urban ecosystem area increased the most(increasing 4.06×104 km^(2)).The area of farmland ecosystem in the upstream,middle and downstream provinces all decreased,while the area of urban ecosystem increased significantly to different degrees.Ecosystem changes were most dramatic in the middle and lower reaches of the provinces.Landscape fragmentation and landscape diversity in the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased.Urbanization was the primary driving force of ecosystem pattern change.In order to protect the sustainable development of the ecosystem of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,it is necessary to improve the ecosystem service function and ensure the ecological security of the river basin,cultivated land protection should be actively carried out to ensure national food security,and the spatial pattern of the ecosystem should be optimized to ensure the ecological security of urban human settlements.

关 键 词：生态系统 空间格局 土地利用/土地覆被变化 驱动力 长江经济带 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]