不同氮素水平处理对水培叶用莴苣生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of different nitrogen levels on growth and physiological characteristics of hydroponic leaf lettuce

作　　者：尹艺璐 钱婷婷[2] 李达仁 熊鑫[1] 常丽英[1] YIN Yilu;QIAN Tingting;LI Daren;XIONG Xin;CHANG Liying(School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240 [2]上海市农业科学院,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2022年第3期35-41,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2020-02-08-00-08-F10468)。

摘　　要：以‘意大利耐抽薹’叶用莴苣为试材,研究了4种不同氮素水平处理(0.00 mmol/L、3.25 mmol/L、6.50 mmol/L、9.75 mmol/L)对水培叶用莴苣生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明:在6.50 mmol/L的氮素水平处理(T2)下,水培叶用莴苣的地上部及地下部鲜干重和叶面积显著提高,光合气体交换参数的净光合速率P_(n)、蒸腾速率T_(r)、胞间CO_(2)浓度C_(i)及气孔导度G_(s)与其他处理相比均显著增加,叶绿素荧光动力学参数F_(m)、F_(v)/F_(m)、Y(Ⅱ)及可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量提高,F_(0)值、丙二醛含量、过氧化物酶活性降低;在9.75 mmol/L的氮素水平处理(T3)下,水培叶用莴苣的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、光合色素含量显著高于其他处理,提高氮素水平有利于叶绿体色素积累。本研究初步探究了水培叶用莴苣氮素胁迫的适应性机制,可为水培叶用莴苣的氮素合理施用提供参考。Using the leaf lettuce‘Italian Bolting-tolerant’as material,the effects of different nitrogen levels(0.00 mmol/L,3.25 mmol/L,6.50 mmol/L,9.75 mmol/L)on the growth and physiological characteristics of hydroponic leaf lettuce were studied.The results showed that under the treatment of 6.50 mmol/L nitrogen level(T2),the fresh and dry weight of aboveground and underground and leaf area of hydroponic leaf lettuce increased significantly,the net photosynthetic rate P_(n),transpiration rate T_(r),intercellular CO_(2) concentration C_(i)and stomatal conductance G_(s) of photosynthetic gas exchange parameters increased significantly compared with other treatments,the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters F_(m),F_(v)/F_(m),Y(Ⅱ),the soluble sugar content and soluble protein content increased,F_(0) value,malondialdehyde content,peroxidase activity decreased.Under the nitrogen level of 9.75 mmol/L(T3),the chlorophyll a content,chlorophyll b content,carotenoid content and photosynthetic pigment content of hydroponic leaf lettuce were significantly higher than other treatments,suggesting that the increase of nitrogen level was conducive to the accumulation of chloroplast pigment.This study preliminarily explored the adaptive mechanism of nitrogen stress of leaf letture in hydroponic culture,which could provide a reference for the rational application of nitrogen in hydroponic leaf lettuce.

关 键 词：氮素 叶用莴苣 叶绿素荧光 光合气体交换 生物量 

分 类 号：S636.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]