10种稻田常用杀菌剂对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应  

Acute toxic effects of 10 common fungicides in paddy field on earthworms

作　　者：孙丽娜 黄开华[1] 高新华[1] 陈伟[1] 黄万金 吕卫光[1] SUN Lina;HUANG Kaihua;GAO Xinhua;CHEN Wei;HUANG Wanjin;LV Weiguang(Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Agriculture,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2022年第3期60-64,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农推广项目[沪农科推字(2018)第4-14号];上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划(2017A-03);国家农业环境奉贤观测实验站(NAES035AE03)。

摘　　要：为评估不同杀菌剂对蚯蚓的毒性,采用人工土壤法和自然土壤法测定了10种稻田常用杀菌剂(嘧苷素、井岗霉素、噻呋酰胺、宁南霉素、甲基硫菌灵、稻瘟灵、蜡芽菌、氟环唑、戊唑醇和三环唑)对威廉环毛蚓(Pheretima guillelmi)的急性毒性效应。结果表明:随着染毒时间的延长,10种稻田常用杀菌剂对威廉环毛蚓的急性毒性作用增加。采用人工土壤法染毒14 d时,10种稻田常用杀菌剂对威廉环毛蚓的LC_(50)值为9.79—250.68 mg/kg。采用自然土壤法染毒14 d时,甲基硫菌灵、稻瘟灵和戊唑醇对威廉环毛蚓的LC_(50)值为4.10—9.65 mg/kg,均小于10 mg/kg;其余7种杀菌剂的LC_(50)值在30.67—244.29 mg/kg。根据《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》,甲基硫菌灵、稻瘟灵和戊唑醇对威廉环毛蚓属于中毒级,噻呋酰胺、氟环唑、三环唑、嘧苷素、蜡芽菌、井冈霉素、宁南霉素对威廉环毛蚓属于低毒级。In order to evaluate the toxicity of different fungicides to earthworms,the acute toxic effects of 10 common fungicides in paddy field on Pheretima guillelmi were determined by artificial soil method and natural soil method.The results showed that the acute toxicity of 10 common fungicides in paddy field to P.guillelmi increased with the extension of exposure time.When exposed for 14 days by artificial soil method,the LC_(50) values of 10 common fungicides in paddy field to P.guillelmi were 9.79-250.68 mg/kg.When exposed for 14 days by natural soil method,the LC_(50) values of thiophanate methyl,isoprothiolane and tebuconazole to P.guillelmi were 4.10-9.65 mg/kg,all less than 10 mg/kg;The LC_(50) values of the other 7 fungicides were 30.67-244.29 mg/kg.According to Testing Guidelines for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticides,imidacloprid,thiophanate methyl and tebuconazole are moderately toxic to P.guillelmi,while thirluzamide,epoxiconazole,tricyclazole,pyrimidin,wax bud bacteria,validamycin and ningnanmycin are low toxic to P.guillelmi.

关 键 词：杀菌剂 稻田 威廉环毛蚓 急性毒性 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]