感烟火灾探测器的聚氨酯塑料火试验模拟研究  

Simulation Study on Polyurethane Plastic Fire Test of Smoke Detector

作　　者：张培 

机构地区：[1]上海市质量监督检验技术研究院,上海201114

出　　处：《日用电器》2022年第5期54-58,共5页ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

摘　　要：通过PyroSim模拟感烟火灾探测器火灾灵敏度试验室内聚氨酯塑料火,发现天花板以下0.30 m范围内烟浓度有差异,高度越高烟雾浓度越大,4 m处烟雾浓度比3.85 m处高0.0147 /m,3.85 m处烟雾浓度比3.70 m处高0.017 5 /m,安装时样品要固定在天花板上,试验测量仪器测量位置应与样品烟腔保持在一个水平线上。可燃物表面积越大,烟雾浓度越高,起始阶段烟雾浓度差异不大,但120 s后,减少可燃物表面积时,烟雾浓度明显降低;可燃物密度越小烟雾浓度越高,而且密度变化对烟雾浓度影响较大;初始室内环境温度越高烟雾浓度越高,可根据可燃物情况维持初始环境温度在固定值,例如23 ℃附近;0~180 s试验区域内,初始室内环境湿度对烟雾曲线没影响。通过PyroSim模拟,改变可燃物表面积、可燃物密度、初始环境温度、环境湿度,得出烟雾浓度随时间增长曲线,实现不同试验条件下对聚氨酯塑料火烟雾浓度的预测。Using PyroSim to simulate the fire sensitivity of smoke detectors in the indoor polyurethane plastic fire,it was found that the smoke concentration in the range of 0.30 m below the ceiling was significantly different.The higher the height,the greater the smoke concentration.The smoke concentration at 4.00 meters is 0.0147/m higher than that at 3.85 meters.The smoke concentration at 3.85 meters is 0.017 5/m higher than that at 3.70 meters.The sample should be fixed on the ceiling,and the measurement position of the test measuring instrument should be kept on a horizontal line with the sample smoke chamber.The larger the surface area of the combustibles,the higher the smoke concentration.The smoke concentration curve in the initial stage is basically the same,but after 120 seconds,when the surface area of the combustibles is reduced,the smoke concentration decreases significantly.The smaller the density of the combustible material,the higher the smoke concentration,and the density change has a significant effect on the smoke.The higher the initial indoor ambient temperature,the higher the smoke concentration,and according to the situation of combustibles,the initial ambient temperature can be maintained at a fixed value,such as around 23 ℃.In the test area from 0 to 180 seconds,the initial indoor ambient humidity has no effect on the smoke curve.Through PyroSim simulation,the surface area of combustibles,the density of combustibles,the initial ambient temperature,and the ambient humidity were changed to obtain the growth curve of smoke concentration over time,and to predict the different test conditions of polyurethane plastic fire smoke concentration.

关 键 词：感烟火灾探测器 聚氨酯塑料火 灵敏度 FDS 

分 类 号：TU892[建筑科学]