秸秆纳米纤维素和纳米木质素的环保高效提取  

Eco-friendly and Efficient Extraction of Nanocellulose and Nanolignin from Agricultural Straw

作　　者：邹奕亮 郑励行 王俞陈 胡翔洲 刘芳 姜曼[1] ZOU Yi-liang;ZHENG Li-xing;WANG Yu-chen;HU Xiang-zhou;LIU Fang;JIANG Man(Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials,Ministry of Education,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Chengdu Grace Fibre Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610399,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院,材料先进技术教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]成都丽雅纤维股份有限公司,四川成都610399

出　　处：《纤维素科学与技术》2022年第2期35-44,共10页Journal of Cellulose Science and Technology

基　　金：西南交通大学大学生创新创业训练项目(2021110);四川省先进材料重大科技专项(2019ZDZX0018)。

摘　　要：以蒸爆小麦秸秆为原料,通过稀碱辅助球磨实现了纤维素组份的纳米化和木质素组份的充分溶解,实现了秸秆纳米纤维素的分离提取。分别通过胶束法和反溶剂法将溶于稀碱中的木质素再生获得球形纳米木质素及纳米木质素胶囊。在稀碱辅助球磨过程中系统研究了氢氧化钠溶液浓度、蒸爆秸秆含量、球磨珠配比和时间对纤维素纳米化及组份分离效率的影响。结果表明:在0.5 mol/L NaOH水溶液、秸秆浓度2.0%(wt)、每10 mL溶液配置球磨珠20 g、球磨时间10 h的条件下秸秆纤维素纳米化的程度最高,木质素分离效率可达99.7%。通过胶束法和反溶剂沉淀法对经离心分离的木质素碱溶液酸析和透析后冷冻干燥,分别制得了尺度为数百纳米的木质素纳米颗粒与木质素纳米胶囊。In this work,nanocellulose was obtained from steam exploded wheat straw by dilute alkali assisted ball milling treatment.During the process,lignin was completely dissolved out from the straw with the nanolization progressing of the straw fibers.Spherical nanolignin and lignin nanocapsules were prepared from the recycled alkali lignin solution by micelle method and anti-solvent method separately.The effects of sodium hydroxide solution concentration,steam explosion straw content,ball milling bead mass ratio and treatment time were systematically studied to optimize the cellulose nanolization and component separation efficiency.It was proved that under the conditions as 2.0%(wt)straw separated in 0.5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solution with 20 g ball milling per 10 mL solution,and the ball-milling treatment was lasted for 10 h,the highest nanolization of cellulose was reached.Under such conditions,the high lignin separation efficiency of 99.7%was also obtained.The spherical lignin nanoparticles and lignin nanocapsules with diameter in hundreds of nanometers were prepared by micellar method and anti-solvent method respectively from the recycled alkali lignin solution.

关 键 词：纳米纤维素 纳米木质素 蒸爆秸秆 稀碱辅助球磨 胶束法 反溶剂法 

分 类 号：TQ317.2[化学工程—高聚物工业]