纳米铝粉粒度对高能量密度悬浮燃料性能影响  

Effect of particle size of nano-aluminum powders on performance of high density suspension fuels

作　　者：王芳 王凯[1,2] 史钰 黄谱 李春涛 付晓梦 王伟 李伟 王艳薇[1,2] WANG Fang;WANG Kai;SHI Yu;HUANG Pu;LI Chuntao;FU Xiaomeng;WANG Wei;LI Wei;WANG Yanwei(Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Powder Laboratory, Xiangyang 441003, China;Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology, Xiangyang 441003, China)

机构地区：[1]航天化学动力技术重点实验室,湖北襄阳441003 [2]湖北航天化学技术研究所,湖北襄阳441003

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2022年第6期295-301,共7页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC22105067,NSFC21875061)。

摘　　要：为了研究铝粉粒度对高能量密度悬浮燃料的性能影响,采用无壁式加热方法分别制备了60 nm、100 nm和150 nm 3种不同粒径的球形纳米铝粉,并通过磁力搅拌与超声相结合的方法制备了含不同浓度纳米铝粉的高能量密度悬浮燃料。采用扫描电镜表征了3种粒度纳米铝粉的形貌及粒径,采用热重-差式扫描量热仪测试了悬浮燃料的热氧化性能,采用氧弹仪检测了含不同粒度、不同浓度铝粉的悬浮燃料热值,并通过化学滴定法检测了热值测试后残渣中活性铝含量,以及利用旋转流变仪检测了悬浮燃料粘度。结果表明,自制纳米铝粉球形度较好、颗粒表面光滑,铝粉的热氧化性能受粒度及制备工艺的影响显著,100 nm铝粉氧化增重与燃烧热值均最佳;含有100 nm铝粉的悬浮燃料具有更高的体积热值;当悬浮燃料中纳米铝粉的质量含量不高于15%时,铝粉粒度对悬浮燃料粘度影响不显著。It can greatly improve the energy performance of fuels by adding nano-aluminum powders into high density hydrocarbon fuels.In order to study the effect of particle size of nano-aluminum powders on the performance of high-density suspension fuels,we prepared three kinds of highly active spherical nano-aluminum powders with different particle size of 60 nm,100 nm and 150 nm by wall-free heating method.High density suspension fuels containing nano-aluminum powders with different concentration were prepared by magnetic stirring and ultrasonicvibration.The morphology and particle size of three kinds of nano-aluminum powders with different particle size were characterized by SEM.Thermal oxidation properties of suspension fuels were characterized by thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimeter(TG-DSC).The calorific value of suspension fuels containing nano-aluminum powders with different particle size and concentration were characterized by oxygen bomb calorimeter.The content of active aluminum in the residue of calorific value tests were measured by chemical titration.The viscosity of suspension fuels were characterized by viscometer,and the particle size has a significant effect on thermal oxidation and energy properties of aluminum powders.When the size is 100 nm,the thermal oxidation property of nano-aluminum is best.Interestingly,the calorific value of the suspension fuel is highest when the size of nano-aluminum is 100 nm.When the metal content in the fuels is less than 15%,the particle size has no significant effect on the viscosity of the fuels.

关 键 词：纳米铝粉 高密度燃料 悬浮燃料 热氧化性能 热值 粘度 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]