社区卫生服务机构常见儿童疾病病种分析  

Common Diseases of Children in Urban Community Health Service Institutions

作　　者：尹德卢[1] 王晰 殷涛[1] YIN Delu;WANG Xi;YIN Tao(Department of Health Development,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所卫生发展研究室,北京市100020

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2022年第22期2753-2757,共5页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71673191);北京市医院管理局青年人才培养“青苗计划”项目(QML20161301)。

摘　　要：背景2019年,国家卫生健康委员会印发《社区卫生服务中心能力标准(2018年版本)》,提出了社区卫生服务中心应该提供56种常见病种的诊疗服务,但并没有明确社区儿童常见病病种,一定程度影响社区儿童健康服务能力评价和建设。目的调查分析社区卫生服务机构常见儿童疾病病种及其特点,为进一步加强社区儿童健康服务能力建设提供参考依据。方法2020年4月,采取方便抽样法选取全国11个不同级别城市的社区卫生服务机构作为样本单位。采用自行设计的调查问卷进行问卷调查,内容涵盖调查对象基本情况、适宜在社区诊疗的常见儿童疾病病种及其排序。问卷由样本机构儿童健康服务人员自愿匿名在线填写,共成功调查3090例儿童健康服务人员。调查对象将儿童相关疾病常见程度从高到低排序,选出前5种常见儿童疾病分别赋分1~5分,即排序第1的病种赋5分,排序第5的病种赋1分,未被选中的病种赋0分,计算各种疾病总得分,并按照总得分进行排序。结果社区儿童常见疾病病种前5位是急性上呼吸道感染、腹泻、支气管炎、肺炎和湿疹;排序前10位的社区常见儿童疾病中,呼吸系统疾病占3种,五官和皮肤科疾病3种,传染病2种,消化系统和生长发育相关疾病各1种。不同地区、不同级别城市和不同岗位下排序前5位常见儿童疾病一致,但排序不同,第6~10位病种及其顺序均存在差异。结论目前社区卫生服务机构常见儿童疾病病种覆盖面较广。社区常见儿童疾病病种存在地区、城市和岗位差异性。社区儿童健康服务能力建设要以提高社区常见儿童疾病诊疗服务能力为导向,并充分考虑不同地区、城市和岗位的病种差异性。Background In 2019,the National Health Commission issued the Capacity Standards for Community Health Service Center(2018 version),which proposed that the 56 common disease species should be offered diagnosis and treatment services by CHSC,but it did not specify the common disease species of children in the community,which to some extent affects the assessment and construction of CHSC capacity in the community.Objective To investigate and analyze the common childhood disease species and their characteristics in community health services,in order to provide a reference basis for further community child health service capacity building.Methods In April 2020,a convenience sampling method was adopted to select community health service agencies in 11 different level cities in China as the sample unit.A self-designed questionnaire was administered to cover the subject's basic condition,the common childhood disease conditions suitable for diagnosis and treatment in the community,and their sequencing.Filled out online voluntarily anonymously by child health service personnel at the sample institution,3090 cases were successfully investigated.Respondents ranked the common degree of children's related disorders from low to high,assigning 1 to 5 points to each of the top 5 common childhood disorders,which is,assigning 5 points to ranked 1,1 point to ranked 5,and 0 points to unselected,calculating a total and sorting by total score.Results The top 5 disease categories for children in the community were acute upper respiratory infection,diarrhea,bronchitis,pneumonia,and eczema.Of the top 10 ranked community common childhood disorders,3 were respiratory,3 were facial and dermatologic,2 were infectious,and 1 each was a digestive and growth and development related disorder.The top 5 common childhood diseases ranked by different regions,different levels of cities and different posts were consistent,but the ranking order was different,but there were differences in the 6th-10th disease species and order.Conclusion The current covera

关 键 词：社区卫生中心 儿童健康服务 常见病 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]