氡防护体系动态介绍与评述  

Introduction and review on the status of protection system against radon exposure

作　　者：郭秋菊[1] 张磊[2] GUO Qiuju;ZHANG Lei(State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,School of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871;State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian,Beijing 102205)

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理学院核物理与核技术国家重点实验室,北京100871 [2]军事科学院防化研究院,北京102205

出　　处：《辐射防护》2022年第3期177-183,共7页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：2009年世界卫生组织颁布的氡暴露流行病学研究最新结果表明,氡暴露是导致公众肺癌发生的第二大因素,3%~14%肺癌患者可归因于室内氡暴露,低、中水平室内氡浓度也可导致肺癌危险提高,其超额绝对危险较之前的评价结果有了大幅度提高。之后国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)相继发表了一系列旨在降低公众及工作人员氡暴露危险的氡防护相关出版物,在防护监管原则、氡浓度参考水平、剂量转换系数等方面均做出了较大变更。本文就ICRP近年来有关氡防护内容的主要变更进行了梳理介绍,围绕ICRP推荐的新剂量转换系数,简介评述了联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会(UNSCEAR)及国际原子能机构(IAEA)的立场和观点,希冀为国内同行提供参考。The World Health Organization(WHO) published “Handbook on Indoor Radon:A Public Health Perspective” in 2009 after its review on epidemiological studies of lung cancer and radon exposure.WHO concluded that most radon-induced lung cancers occur from low and medium dose exposures in residents’ home.Radon is the second cause of lung cancer after smoking,and a relative higher risk is showing.After that,International Committee on Radiological Protection(ICRP) published several publications related to the protection against radon exposure.Great changes on reference level of indoor radon concentration,protection strategy and dose conversion factor were recommended.This paper introduces these changes and their related background,focusing on dose conversion factor.The viewpoint of UNSCRAR and IAEA are also introduced and discussed.

关 键 词：氡暴露 ICRP UNSCEAR IAEA 剂量转换系数 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]