5G移动通信基站电磁辐射测量评价  

Measurement and evaluation of electromagnetic radiation of 5G mobile communication base station

作　　者：张保增[1] 杜喜臣[1] 马晓 ZHANG Baozeng;DU Xichen;MA Xiao(Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《辐射防护》2022年第3期222-228,共7页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：5G基站作为新基建之首,随着其高密站距的建设,5G基站电磁辐射也成为环境监测和公众关注的焦点。以北京市5G通信基站为例,依据《5G移动通信基站电磁辐射监测方法(试行)》(HJ 1151—2020),采用SRM-3006选频辐射分析仪实地测量了3个典型5G基站。测量过程结合了监测设备和5G应用特点,选取不同的设备参数、应用场景和测量环境,模拟多种工作状况,并在终端配合下完成测量;测量结果小于电磁环境控制限值,表明5G基站电磁辐射水平总体可控。通过分析测试数据,建议测量时监测仪器分辨率带宽RBW设置为300 kHz,幅度5 V/m,噪声抑制3 dB;终端与探头距离设置为1 m;情景模式采用数据传输(下载3 GB文件);选择天线主瓣方向进行布点;在获取5G基站的电磁辐射环境现状的同时,也能实现监测结果的复现性,同时为监测机构准确测量5G基站的电磁辐射提供参考依据。5 G base stations are the first of the new infrastructure.The construction of high-density station brings the electromagnetic radiation of the 5 G base station into the focus of environmental monitoring and public attention.Taking Beijing 5 G communication base station as an example,three selected typical 5 G base stations were tested with the SRM-3006 frequency selective radiation analyzer according to the “Electromagnetic Radiation Monitoring Method for 5 G Mobile Communication Base Station(Trial)”(HJ 1151—2020).Based on the characteristics of monitoring equipment and 5 G applications,the test,with assistance of the terminal,simulates various working conditions by selecting different equipment parameters,application scenarios and test environments.The test result is lower than the electromagnetic environment control limit,which indicates that the electromagnetic radiation level of the 5 G base station is generally controllable.By analyzing the test data,it is recommended that the monitoring instrument RBW be set to 300 kHz,the amplitude to 5 V/m,the noise suppression to 3 dB,the distance between the terminals and the probes to 1 m,the scenario mode to data transmission mode(download 3 GB file),and deployment direction to the antenna major lobe.Thus,the monitoring results can be reproduced,the current status of the 5 G base station electromagnetic radiation environment can be acquired,and at the same time it can be referred by the monitoring agency to accurately measure the electromagnetic radiation of the 5 G base station.

关 键 词：5G基站 大规模MIMO天线 波束赋形 选频电磁场 电磁辐射 

分 类 号：X837[环境科学与工程—环境工程]