青藏高原形成演化研究回顾、进展与展望  

Researches on geological-tectonic evolution of Tibetan Plateau: A review, recent advances, and directions in the future

作　　者：潘桂棠[1] 王立全[1] 尹福光[2] 耿全如[1] 李光明[1] 朱弟成 PAN Guitang;WANG Liquan;YIN Fuguang;GENG Quanru;LI Guangming;ZHU Dicheng(Chengdu Center,China Geological Survey,Chengdu 610081,China;Research Center of Applied Geology,China Geological Survey,Chengdu 610036,China;Institute of Earth Sciences,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心,四川成都610081 [2]中国地质调查局应用地质调查中心,四川成都610036 [3]中国地质大学(北京)科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《沉积与特提斯地质》2022年第2期151-175,共25页Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目《西南地区区域基础地质调查》(编号:DD20221635);国家自然科学基金新项目《特提斯构造域地质构造编图及区域对比研究》(项目编号:92055314)。

摘　　要：青藏高原形成演化涵盖了前身的东特提斯地质构造演化、新生代地质构造演化和高原隆升对气候环境演变的制约,它不仅包含有关全球构造的空间格局、运动状态的历史记录,而且也留下了青藏特提斯洋陆转换、盆山转换构造体制的时空结构、运动形式和发展变化的地质遗迹。所以青藏高原是研究全球构造的窗口,被自然科学工作者誉为解决地球动力学的一把钥匙。自20世纪60年代以来,特别是1979年以来我们先后开展了青藏高原地质构造演化、系列编图及综合集成等研究工作。本文以认识现今青藏高原地质历史各阶段重大地质构造事件的结构组成和演化为主线,回顾了40年来历次重大青藏高原基础地质研究过程,系统总结了青藏高原新生代隆升过程、碰撞构造效应,以及东特提斯地质调查研究中一系列重要新发现、新进展、新成果,并对相关研究成果和新发现进行了简要的归纳梳理。在此基础上,就青藏高原形成演化模式、科学理论与学术争论观念层次上的问题,以及关键的基础地质问题等方面进行了讨论与展望。The geological-tectonic evolution of Tibetan Plateau covers the evolution of the Eastern Tethys(the predecessor of Tibetan Plateau),the Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau uplifting,and its constraints on climate and environment.The topic not only contains the historical records of spatial framework and movement related to global tectonics,but also leave abundant geological traces of spatial-temporal framework,tectonic movement,and developments of ocean-continent and basin-orogeny transition systems resulted from global lithospheric evolution process in the Tibetan Plateau.Therefore,the Tibetan Plateau is an ideal subject to research the global structure,and a key to reveal the global geodynamics.A number of researches on geological-tectonic evolution,basic geological maps compilation,and comprehensive integration have been successively carried out by our group in this region since the 1960s(especially since 1979).Based on the structural composition and evolution of major geological-tectonic events in each stage during the geological history in the Tibetan Plateau,this paper reviews the significant basic geological research of the Tibetan Plateau in the past 40 years.We systematically summarize the Cenozoic uplift process,collisional effects,and a series of important new discoveries,progress and achievements in the Eastern Tethys.In addition,based on the shortages of previous field investigation,data analysis,and regional evolution model,together with the unresolved conceptual questions,and the key basic geological scientific problems,we discuss the future direction of research in this region.

关 键 词：青藏高原 新生代地质构造 碰撞构造效应 多岛弧盆系构造 特提斯演化 

分 类 号：P548[天文地球—构造地质学]