一种长厚臂叉形接头锻件成形工艺与实验  

Forming process and experiments for a kind of fork-shaped joint forgings with long and thick arm

作　　者：王涛 赵慧敏 孙红星 金鑫[3] 刘光辉 刘百宣 张超 刘华 Wang Tao;Zhao Huimin;Sun Hongxing;Jin Xin;Liu Guanghui;Liu Baixuan;Zhang Chao;Liu Hua(Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China;China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100044,China;Yutong Heavy Industries Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450051,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州机械研究所有限公司,河南郑州450001 [2]中国机械科学研究总院集团有限公司,北京100044 [3]宇通重工有限公司,河南郑州450051 [4]西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《锻压技术》2022年第6期61-66,共6页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：郑州市科技重大专项资助项目(152PZDZX007)。

摘　　要：根据长厚臂叉形接头锻件的形状特点,分析了锻件的成形难度,初步制定了成形工艺为热镦挤复合成形和立式反挤成形,并采用数值模拟研究了各工序成形过程以及冲头成形力。通过后续工艺实验发现,热镦挤复合成形工序成形的锻件在方形上端部分四角处有明显的折叠缺陷,分析认为这是由于实验过程中锻件长时间的热量散失造成金属流动性降低而产生的。对初步拟定的成形工艺进行了改进,改进后的成形工艺为热正挤、热镦方和热反挤,数值模拟分析以及验证实验表明,改进后的成形工艺可行,并且设计了具有导向功能的模具结构,解决了叉形接头锻件壁厚不均的问题。该成形锻件填充饱满、无缺陷,金属流线分布连贯、合理,成形工艺和模具寿命通过了批量生产考核。According to the shape characteristics of fork-shaped joint forgings with long and thick arm, the forming difficulty was analyzed. Then, the forming process was preliminarily formulated as hot upsetting-extrusion compound forming and vertical backward extrusion forming, and the forming process of each procedure and the forming force of punch were studied by numerical simulation. The subsequent process experiments shows that the forgings formed in the hot upsetting-extrusion compound forming process has obvious folding defect at four corners of square upper end, which is caused by long-term heat loss of forgings during experiment process resulting in the reduction of metal fluidity. Furthermore, the preliminarily drafted forming process was improved, and the improved forming process was hot forward extrusion, hot upsetting into square and hot backward extrusion. The numerical simulation analysis and verification experiments show that the improved forming process is feasible, and the mold structure with guiding function is designed to solve the problem of uneven wall thickness for fork-shaped joint forgings. The forgings are full filled and defect-free, the metal streamline distribution is consistent and reasonable, and the forming process and mold life have passed the mass production assessment.

关 键 词：长厚臂 叉形接头 热镦挤复合成形 立式反挤成形 折叠 

分 类 号：TG316[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]