中国陆域冻土区浅表烃类地球化学特征及其成因分析  

Geochemical characteristics and genesis of hydrocarbons in superficial soil in continental permafrost regions in China

作　　者：杨志斌[1,2,3] 周亚龙 张富贵[1] 张舜尧[1] 孙忠军[1] YANG Zhi-Bin;ZHOU Ya-Long;ZHANG Fu-Gui;ZHANG Shun-Yao;SUN Zhong-Jun(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang 065000,China;State Research Center of Modern Geological Exploration Engineering Technology,Langfang 065000,China;Tibet Institute of Geological Survey,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000 [2]国家现代地质勘查工程技术研究中心,河北廊坊065000 [3]西藏自治区地质调查院,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《物探与化探》2022年第3期628-636,共9页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：中国地质调查局国家海洋地质专项项目“青南藏北冻土区天然气水合物资源勘查(物化探所)”(GZHL20140301);中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所中央财政科研项目结余资金项目(JY201705)。

摘　　要：基于中国羌塘盆地、祁连山、漠河盆地冻土区浅表土壤样品资料,进行了烃类气体组分地球化学特征、成因及性质分析。结果表明,冻土区浅表烃类气体主要成分为甲烷,还含有少量乙烷、乙烯、丙烷、丙烯、丁烷和戊烷。羌塘盆地和漠河盆地烃类气体主要为热解成因,气体类型为油型气及其与煤层气的混合气;祁连山冻土区浅表土壤中烃类气体具有热解成因和生物成因,气体类型包括油型气、煤层气和生物气。烃类地球化学调查为我国陆域冻土区水合物等油气资源勘查提供了依据。This study analyses the geochemical characteristics,genesis,and properties of hydrocarbon components using data of surface soil samples collected from the permafrost regions in the Qiangtang Basin,the Qilian Mountains,and the Mohe Basin.The results revealed that the hydrocarbon gases in the superficial soils in the permafrost regions mainly comprise methane,as well as a small amount of ethane,ethylene,propane,butane,and pentane.The hydrocarbon gases in the Qiangtang and Mohe basins are mainly of pyrolytic genesis and their types include soil-formed gas and the mixed gas of soil-formed gas and coalbed methane.In contrast,hydrocarbon gases in the superficial soil in the permafrost zone in the Qilian Mountains are of pyrolytic and biogenic genesis and their types include soil-formed gas,coalbed methane,and biogenetic gas.The study provides a basis for exploring oil and gas resources such as natural gas hydrates in the continental permafrost regions in China.

关 键 词：陆域冻土区 地球化学特征 天然气水合物 酸解烃 顶空气 

分 类 号：P632[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]