2016和2020年长江口及邻近海域浮游动物群落结构夏季年际变化及与环境因子的关系  

Summer Interannual Changes of Zooplankton Community Structure in the Yangtze River Estuary and Adjacent Waters in 2016 and 2020 and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

作　　者：胡亚丽 王健鑫 许永久 郑基 蒋日进 朱文斌 张洪亮 郭爱 梁君 HU Ya-li;WANG Jian-xin;XU Yong-jiu(School of Fisheries of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022;School of Marine Science and Technology of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院,浙江舟山316022 [3]浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所,浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期192-201,共10页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划(2020C0202004);舟山市长江生态环境保护修复驻点跟踪研究项目(SZGXZS2020068);国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2019YFD0901205);浙江省自然科学基金(LY20C030004);国家海洋局海洋生态环境科学与工程重点实验室开放基金(MESE-2018-01);舟山市科技局“浙江海洋大学科技专项”(2019C21021)。

摘　　要：根据2016年和2020年夏季长江口及其邻近海域的浮游动物大面站调查数据,用典范对应分析(CCA)和非参数方差分析(PERMANOVA)研究了夏季浮游动物群落组成的多时间尺度(年际、昼夜)变化及空间变化,分析了这些变化与环境因子的关系。结果表明:2016年和2020年共鉴定出浮游动物148种,2年共同种为33种。根据经度、纬度、海水表层温度、海水表层盐度的聚类分析,将2年夏季站位分为3组:2016年夏季近海站位(I组)、2020年夏季近岸站位(II组)、2020年夏季近海站位(III组)。不同组别的浮游动物群落组成差异显著(P<0.05),引起年际变化的主要贡献种为拿卡箭虫(3.95%)、短尾类溞状幼体(3.19%)、双生水母(3.14%)。浮游动物丰度具有显著昼夜差异,2016年的浮游动物昼间丰度(69.73 ind.·m^(-3))大于夜间(42.73 ind.·m^(-3)),而2020年昼间丰度(32.16 ind.·m^(-3))小于夜间(182.89 ind.·m^(-3))。PERMANOVA分析表明,年、栖息地及其交互作用是影响浮游动物群落组成年际变化的主要因子。2个年份的浮游动物优势种与环境因子的CCA分析表明,CCA1轴和CCA2轴分别解释了优势种累计方差的88.6%和7.2%,CCA1主要反映了优势种夏季年际变化的差异,CCA2主要反映了夏季近岸和近海的空间差异。According to the survey data of the zooplankton Damian station in the coastal waters of Zhoushan in the summer of 2016 and 2020,the canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)and non-parametric analysis of variance(PERMANOVA)were used to study the multi-time scale(interannual,day and night)changes in summer zooplankton community composition and the spatial changes of dominant species,and analyzed the relationship between these changes and environmental factors.The results showed that a total of 148 species of zooplankton were identified in 2016 and 2020,33 species were common species in two years.According to the cluster analysis of year,longitude,latitude,sea surface temperature,and sea surface salinity,the two-year summer stations are divided into 3 groups:2016 offshore stations(group I),2020 offshore stations(group II),2020 offshore stations(group III).There are significant differences in the composition of zooplankton in different groups.The main contributors to the inter-annual changes are Sagitta nagae(3.95%),Brachyura zoea larva(3.19%),and Diphyes chamissonis(3.14%).The abundance of zooplankton in the daytime(69.73 ind.·m^(-3))in 2016 is greater than that at night(42.73 ind.·m^(-3)),and the abundance in the daytime(32.16 ind.·m^(-3))in 2020 is less than the nighttime abundance(182.89 ind.·m^(-3)).There is a significant difference in the abundance of zooplankton between day and night.PERMANOVA analysis shows that annual and habitat are the main factors affecting community composition.The CCA analysis of zooplankton dominant species and environmental factors shows that the CCA1 axis and CCA2 axis explain 88.6%of the cumulative variance percentage of the dominant species and 7.2%of the cumulative variance percentage of the dominant species-environment.CCA1 mainly reflects the interannual differences of dominant species,and CCA2 mainly reflects the spatial differences between dominant species inshore and offshore stations.

关 键 词：舟山近海 夏季浮游动物 年际变化 群落结构 栖息地 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源]