空降车辆着陆缓冲过程动态建模仿真  

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Airborne Vehicle’s Landing Buffer Process

作　　者：杨占华[1] 刘春生[1] 李军[1] 郭少鹏 李建阳 YANG Zhanhua;LIU Chunsheng;LI Jun;GUO Shaopeng;LI Jianyang(North Vehicle Research Institute,Beijing 100072,China;Military Academy,Aerospace Engineering University,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国北方车辆研究所,北京100072 [2]航天工程大学士官学校,北京102249

出　　处：《兵工学报》2022年第S01期26-34,共9页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：空军武器装备军内科研项目(2018年);中国北方车辆研究所基金项目(1Z20F012)。

摘　　要：针对空降车辆空投试验费用高、周期长、风险大的现实问题,在某空降车辆方案设计阶段,建立车辆和缓冲气囊仿真计算模型。采用有限元分析法分别建立车辆模型、气囊模型、车辆与气囊刚柔耦合模型,对空投正常工况和极限工况下的着陆缓冲过程进行仿真计算,得出车辆着陆过程自由落体、气囊缓冲和气囊反弹阶段车辆姿态变化情况,车体底甲板、顶甲板和炮塔部位冲击加速度特性以及2种工况下车体结构最大应力部位和最大值。研究发现:在正常工况下,车体顶部甲板冲击加速度最大,平均峰值达11.31 g,最大应力均满足设计要求;在极限工况下,动力装置支撑处出现最大峰值冲击载荷,最大应力超出设计许用值,需要进行局部结构改进设计。研究结果表明,所提模型可为车辆结构优化设计提供量化载荷边界条件,为着陆缓冲过程试验测试方案提供计算数据,同时可为车辆和气囊优化匹配、试验、改进等提供理论依据。For the problems of high cost,long period and high risk of airdrop test of airborne vehicles,a simulation model of vehicles and cushion airbags was established in the design phase of an airborne vehicle.A simplified vehicle model,an airbag modeland a rigid-flexible coupling model of vehicle and airbag are established using the finite element analysis method,and the landing buffer processes of vehicle airdrop under normal and extreme conditions are simulated and calculated.The vehicle attitude changes during free fall,airbag cushion and rebound from airbag,the impact acceleration characteristics of bottom deck,top deck and turret of vehicle body,and the maximum stress position and maximum value of vehicle body structure under the two working conditions were obtained.The results show that the top deck of vehicle body has the largest impact acceleration,with an average peak value of 11.31 g under normal condition,and the maximum stress meets the design requirements;under extreme condition,the maximum peak impact load appears at the power plant support,and the maximum stress exceeds the design allowable value,for which a partial structural improvement design is required.The research results can provide the quantified load boundary conditions for vehicle structural optimization design,the calculation data for landing buffer process test and test programs,and the theoretical basis for the matching optimization,testing,and improvement of vehicle body and airbag.

关 键 词：空降车辆 动态建模仿真 冲击载荷 着陆缓冲过程 

分 类 号：TJ811.91[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]