基于弹流耦合算法的船舶艉轴承润滑特性分析  

Analysis of Lubrication Characteristics of Ship Stern Bearing Based on Elastohydrodynamic Coupling Algorithm

作　　者：张斌 朱汉华[1] ZHANG Bin;ZHU Hanhua(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学能源与动力工程学院,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2022年第6期19-29,共11页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51839005)。

摘　　要：采用耦合算法研究不同因素对船舶艉轴承弹流润滑性能的影响。以重载工况的船舶艉轴承为研究对象,建立轴瓦三维有限单元模型;通过有限单元法结合耦合算法求解油膜压力、油膜厚度、弹性变形,探讨了弹性模量、轴承间隙、长径比3种影响因素对艉轴承弹流润滑特性的动态影响。结果表明:弹性变形和油膜压力沿周向和轴向都近似抛物线分布,呈现先增后减的趋势,在周向180°附近取得最大值,因此在轴承周向和轴向的中点附近受轴承参数的影响较大,润滑状况需要特别关注;随弹性模量增加,油膜峰值压力增加,最大弹性变形量和最小厚度均减小,摩擦力和端泄流量同时增加,因此在一定区间内增大弹性模量能有效减小轴瓦产生的弹性变形;随轴承间隙增大,油膜峰值压力增加,最大弹性变形量和最小油膜厚度均减小,摩擦力和端泄流量变化不明显,因此在轴承安装时需控制合理的轴承间隙,确保轴承处于良好的润滑环境;随长径比增大,最大弹性变形量近似线性增加,油膜峰值压力、摩擦力、端泄流量均减小,最小油膜厚度几乎不变,因此在设计艉轴承长径比时,应综合考虑艉轴承在重载工况下可能产生的弹性变形以及弹性变形对润滑特性的影响。The coupling algorithm was used to study the influence of different factors on the elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance of ship stern bearing.Taking the ship stern bearing under heavy load condition as the research object,the three-dimensional finite element model of bearing bush was established.The finite element method combined with coupling algorithm was used to solve the oil film pressure,oil film thickness and elastic deformation,the dynamic effects of elastic modulus,bearing clearance and length diameter ratio on the elastohydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of stern bearing were discussed.The results show that the elastic deformation and oil film pressure distribution are approximately parabolic along the circumferential and axial directions,showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the maximum value is obtained near 180° in the circumferential direction.Therefor,the circumference and axial midpoint of the bearing are greatly affected by the bearing parameters,and the lubrication condition needs special attention.With the increase of elastic modulus,the peak pressure of oil film increases,the maximum elastic deformation and minimum thickness decrease,and the friction and end discharge increase at the same time.Therefore,increasing the elastic modulus in a certain range can effectively reduce the elastic deformation of bearing bush.With the increase of bearing clearance,the peak pressure of oil film increases,the maximum elastic deformation and the minimum oil film thickness decrease,and the change of friction and end discharge is not obvious.Therefore,it is necessary to control reasonable bearing clearance during bearing installation to ensure that the bearing is in a good lubrication environment.With the increase of length diameter ratio,the maximum elastic deformation increases approximately linearly,the peak oil film pressure,friction and end discharge decrease,and the minimum oil film thickness is almost unchanged.Therefore,when designing the length diameter ratio of stern

关 键 词：艉轴承 耦合算法 弹性变形 润滑特性 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论] U664.21[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]